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Science 24 March 2000:
Vol. 287. no. 5461, pp. 2267 - 2271
DOI: 10.1126/science.287.5461.2267
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Reports

Response of Schwann Cells to Action Potentials in Development

Beth Stevens, R. Douglas Fields *

Sensory axons become functional late in development when Schwann cells (SC) stop proliferating and differentiate into distinct phenotypes. We report that impulse activity in premyelinated axons can inhibit proliferation and differentiation of SCs. This neuron-glial signaling is mediated by adenosine triphosphate acting through P2 receptors on SCs and intracellular signaling pathways involving Ca2+, Ca2+/calmodulin kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate response element binding protein, and expression of c-fos and Krox-24. Adenosine triphosphate arrests maturation of SCs in an immature morphological stage and prevents expression of O4, myelin basic protein, and the formation of myelin. Through this mechanism, functional activity in the developing nervous system could delay terminal differentiation of SCs until exposure to appropriate axon-derived signals.

Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Building 49, Room 5A38, 49 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fields{at}helix.nih.gov

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