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Science 18 February 2000:
Vol. 287. no. 5456, pp. 1269 - 1272
DOI: 10.1126/science.287.5456.1269
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Neuroimaging Evidence for Dissociable Forms of Repetition Priming

R. Henson, 12* T. Shallice, 23 R. Dolan 14

Repetition priming has been characterized neurophysiologically as a decreased response following stimulus repetition. The present study used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate whether this repetition-related response is sensitive to stimulus familiarity. A right fusiform region exhibited an attenuated response to the repetition of familiar stimuli, both faces and symbols, but exhibited an enhanced response to the repetition of unfamiliar stimuli. Moreover, both repetition effects were modulated by lag between successive presentations. Further experiments replicated the interactions between repetition, familiarity, and lag and demonstrated the persistence of these effects over multiple repetitions. Priming-related responses are therefore not unitary but depend on the presence or absence of preexisting stimulus representations.

1 Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Neurology,
2 Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
3 Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Beirut 2-4, 34014 Trieste, Italy.
4 Royal Free and University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: r.henson{at}ucl.ac.uk

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