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Science 20 November 1998:
Vol. 282. no. 5393, pp. 1494 - 1497
DOI: 10.1126/science.282.5393.1494
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Reports

Induction and Evasion of Host Defenses by Type 1-Piliated Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Matthew A. Mulvey, Yolanda S. Lopez-Boado, Carole L. Wilson, Robyn Roth, William C. Parks, John Heuser, Scott J. Hultgren *

Virtually all uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli encode filamentous surface adhesive organelles called type 1 pili. High-resolution electron microscopy of infected mouse bladders revealed that type 1 pilus tips interacted directly with the lumenal surface of the bladder, which is embedded with hexagonal arrays of integral membrane glycoproteins known as uroplakins. Attached pili were shortened and facilitated intimate contact of the bacteria with the uroplakin-coated host cells. Bacterial attachment resulted in exfoliation of host bladder epithelial cells as part of an innate host defense system. Exfoliation occurred through a rapid apoptosis-like mechanism involving caspase activation and host DNA fragmentation. Bacteria resisted clearance in the face of host defenses within the bladder by invading into the epithelium.

M. A. Mulvey and S. J. Hultgren, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Box 8230, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Y. S. Lopez-Boado, C. L. Wilson, W. C. Parks, Department of Medicine, Box 8032, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. R. Roth and J. Heuser, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Box 8228, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hultgren{at}borcim.wustl.edu

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Identification of Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase, a Lipopolysaccharide- Detoxifying Enzyme, in the Murine Urinary Tract.
J. A. Feulner, M. Lu, JohnM. Shelton, M. Zhang, J. A. Richardson, and R. S. Munford (2004)
Infect. Immun. 72, 3171-3178
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bacterial Penetration of Bladder Epithelium through Lipid Rafts.
M. J. Duncan, G. Li, J.-S. Shin, J. L. Carson, and S. N. Abraham (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 18944-18951
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ablation of the Tamm-Horsfall protein gene increases susceptibility of mice to bladder colonization by type 1-fimbriated Escherichia coli.
L. Mo, X.-H. Zhu, H.-Y. Huang, E. Shapiro, D. L. Hasty, and X.-R. Wu (2004)
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 286, F795-F802
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: Differentiation and developmental pathways of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in urinary tract pathogenesis.
S. S. Justice, C. Hung, J. A. Theriot, D. A. Fletcher, G. G. Anderson, M. J. Footer, and S. J. Hultgren (2004)
PNAS 101, 1333-1338
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Variation of High Mannose Chains of Tamm-Horsfall Glycoprotein Confers Differential Binding to Type 1-fimbriated Escherichia coli.
D. Cavallone, N. Malagolini, A. Monti, X.-R. Wu, and F. Serafini-Cessi (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 216-222
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inactivation of ompX Causes Increased Interactions of Type 1 Fimbriated Escherichia coli with Abiotic Surfaces.
K. Otto and M. Hermansson (2004)
J. Bacteriol. 186, 226-234
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Localization of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator to Lipid Rafts of Epithelial Cells Is Required for Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Induced Cellular Activation.
M. P. Kowalski and G. B. Pier (2004)
J. Immunol. 172, 418-425
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Highly Resistant Metabolically Deficient Dwarf Mutant of Escherichia coli Is the Cause of a Chronic Urinary Tract Infection.
K. Trulzsch, H. Hoffmann, C. Keller, S. Schubert, L. Bader, J. Heesemann, and A. Roggenkamp (2003)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 41, 5689-5694
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Structural basis of urothelial permeability barrier function as revealed by Cryo-EM studies of the 16 nm uroplakin particle.
G. Min, G. Zhou, M. Schapira, T.-T. Sun, and X.-P. Kong (2003)
J. Cell Sci. 116, 4087-4094
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Induced Apoptosis Is Defective in Respiratory Epithelial Cells Expressing Mutant Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator.
C. L. Cannon, M. P. Kowalski, K. S. Stopak, and G. B. Pier (2003)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 29, 188-197
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Intracellular Bacterial Biofilm-Like Pods in Urinary Tract Infections.
G. G. Anderson, J. J. Palermo, J. D. Schilling, R. Roth, J. Heuser, and S. J. Hultgren (2003)
Science 301, 105-107
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chaperone-Subunit-Usher Interactions Required for Donor Strand Exchange during Bacterial Pilus Assembly.
M. M. Barnhart, F. G. Sauer, J. S. Pinkner, and S. J. Hultgren (2003)
J. Bacteriol. 185, 2723-2730
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Toll-like receptor 4 on stromal and hematopoietic cells mediates innate resistance to uropathogenic Escherichiacoli.
J. D. Schilling, S. M. Martin, C. S. Hung, R. G. Lorenz, and S. J. Hultgren (2003)
PNAS 100, 4203-4208
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CD14- and Toll-Like Receptor-Dependent Activation of Bladder Epithelial Cells by Lipopolysaccharide and Type 1 Piliated Escherichia coli.
J. D. Schilling, S. M. Martin, D. A. Hunstad, K. P. Patel, M. A. Mulvey, S. S. Justice, R. G. Lorenz, and S. J. Hultgren (2003)
Infect. Immun. 71, 1470-1480
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Urinary tract infection in iNOS-deficient mice with focus on bacterial sensitivity to nitric oxide.
M. Poljakovic and K. Persson (2003)
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 284, F22-F31
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effect of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole on Recurrent Bacteriuria and Bacterial Persistence in Mice Infected with Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.
J. D. Schilling, R. G. Lorenz, and S. J. Hultgren (2002)
Infect. Immun. 70, 7042-7049
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Host-Pathogen Interactions: Subversion and Utilization of the NF-{kappa}B Pathway during Infection.
C. M. Tato and C. A. Hunter (2002)
Infect. Immun. 70, 3311-3317
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Assessment of Virulence of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Type 1 Fimbrial Mutants in Which the Invertible Element Is Phase-Locked On or Off.
N. W. Gunther IV, J. A. Snyder, V. Lockatell, I. Blomfield, D. E. Johnson, and H. L. T. Mobley (2002)
Infect. Immun. 70, 3344-3354
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Identification of Target Tissue Glycosphingolipid Receptors for Uropathogenic, F1C-fimbriated Escherichia coli and Its Role in Mucosal Inflammation.
F. Backhed, B. Alsen, N. Roche, J. Angstrom, A. von Euler, M. E. Breimer, B. Westerlund-Wikstrom, S. Teneberg, and A. Richter-Dahlfors (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 18198-18205
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Uroplakin Ia is the urothelial receptor for uropathogenic Escherichia coli: evidence from in vitro FimH binding.
G. Zhou, W.-J. Mo, P. Sebbel, G. Min, T. A. Neubert, R. Glockshuber, X.-R. Wu, T.-T. Sun, and X.-P. Kong (2002)
J. Cell Sci. 114, 4095-4103
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Molecular Regulation of Urothelial Renewal and Host Defenses during Infection with Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.
I. U. Mysorekar, M. A. Mulvey, S. J. Hultgren, and J. I. Gordon (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 7412-7419
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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