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Science 12 June 1998:
Vol. 280. no. 5370, pp. 1744 - 1746
DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5370.1744
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Reports

Carbon Nanotube Quantum Resistors

Stefan Frank, Philippe Poncharal, Z. L. Wang, Walt A. de Heer *

The conductance of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) was found to be quantized. The experimental method involved measuring the conductance of nanotubes by replacing the tip of a scanning probe microscope with a nanotube fiber, which could be lowered into a liquid metal to establish a gentle electrical contact with a nanotube at the tip of the fiber. The conductance of arc-produced MWNTs is one unit of the conductance quantum G0 = 2e2/h = (12.9 kilohms)-1. The nanotubes conduct current ballistically and do not dissipate heat. The nanotubes, which are typically 15 nanometers wide and 4 micrometers long, are several orders of magnitude greater in size and stability than other typical room-temperature quantum conductors. Extremely high stable current densities, J > 107 amperes per square centimeter, have been attained.

S. Frank, P. Poncharal, W. A. de Heer, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA.
Z. L. Wang, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed.

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