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Science 2 January 1998:
Vol. 279. no. 5347, pp. 102 - 105
DOI: 10.1126/science.279.5347.102
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Reports

Ultraviolet-Induced Cell Death Blocked by a Selenoprotein from a Human Dermatotropic Poxvirus

Joanna L. Shisler, Tatiana G. Senkevich, Marla J. Berry, Bernard Moss *

Selenium, an essential trace element, is a component of prokaryotic and eukaryotic antioxidant proteins. A candidate selenoprotein homologous to glutathione peroxidase was deduced from the sequence of molluscum contagiosum, a poxvirus that causes persistent skin neoplasms in children and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Selenium was incorporated into this protein during biosynthesis, and a characteristic stem-loop structure near the end of the messenger RNA was required for alternative selenocysteine decoding of a potential UGA stop codon within the open reading frame. The selenoprotein protected human keratinocytes against cytotoxic effects of ultraviolet irradiation and hydrogen peroxide, providing a mechanism for a virus to defend itself against environmental stress.

J. L. Shisler, T. G. Senkevich, B. Moss, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4 Center Drive, MSC 0445, Bethesda, MD 20892-0445, USA.
M. J. Berry, Thyroid Division, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed.

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)