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Science 24 October 1997: Vol. 278. no. 5338, pp. 647 - 650 DOI: 10.1126/science.278.5338.647
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Reports
Active Deformation of Asia: From Kinematics to Dynamics
Philip England,
*
Peter Molnar
Using estimated strain rates across the actively deforming region
of Asia to infer variations in viscous stress, it is shown that
gradients of stress point uphill toward the center of Tibet, where
gravitational potential energy per unit surface area reaches a maximum.
Thus, the dynamics of the deformation seem to obey the equation of
creeping flow, which expresses a balance between gradients in stress
and the gravitational body force. This balance, in the region of the
Tibetan plateau, yields an estimate of 1022 pascal second
for the average viscosity of the Tibetan lithosphere, which is only
about 10 to 100 times greater than the viscosity of the convecting
upper mantle.
P. England, Department of Earth Sciences, Oxford University,
Oxford OX1 3PR, UK.
P. Molnar, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
philip.england{at}earth.ox.ac.uk
Read the Full Text
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