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Science 17 October 1997:
Vol. 278. no. 5337, pp. 425 - 431
DOI: 10.1126/science.278.5337.425
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Research Articles

The Structure of Nitric Oxide Synthase Oxygenase Domain and Inhibitor Complexes

Brian R. Crane, * Andrew S. Arvai, Ratan Gachhui, Chaoqun Wu, Dipak K. Ghosh, Elizabeth D. Getzoff, Dennis J. Stuehr, dagger John A. Tainer dagger

The nitric oxide synthase oxygenase domain (NOSox) oxidizes arginine to synthesize the cellular signal and defensive cytotoxin nitric oxide (NO). Crystal structures determined for cytokine-inducible NOSox reveal an unusual fold and heme environment for stabilization of activated oxygen intermediates key for catalysis. A winged beta  sheet engenders a curved alpha -beta domain resembling a baseball catcher's mitt with heme clasped in the palm. The location of exposed hydrophobic residues and the results of mutational analysis place the dimer interface adjacent to the heme-binding pocket. Juxtaposed hydrophobic O2- and polar L-arginine-binding sites occupied by imidazole and aminoguanidine, respectively, provide a template for designing dual-function inhibitors and imply substrate-assisted catalysis.

B. R. Crane, A. S. Arvai, E. D. Getzoff, and J. A. Tainer are in the Department of Molecular Biology and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. R. Gachhui, C. Wu, D. K. Ghosh, and D. J. Stuehr are in the Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
*   Present address: Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

dagger    To whom correspondence should be addressed.

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)