Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.
SNM Organization

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 17 October 1997:
Vol. 278. no. 5337, pp. 419 - 424
DOI: 10.1126/science.278.5337.419
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

The Endocrinology of Aging

Steven W. J. Lamberts, * Annewieke W. van den Beld, Aart-Jan van der Lely

Most aging individuals die from atherosclerosis, cancer, or dementia; but in the oldest old, loss of muscle strength resulting in frailty is the limiting factor for an individual's chances of living an independent life until death. Three hormonal systems show decreasing circulating hormone concentrations during normal aging: (i) estrogen (in menopause) and testosterone (in andropause), (ii) dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulphate (in adrenopause), and (iii) the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis (in somatopause). Physical changes during aging have been considered physiologic, but there is evidence that some of these changes are related to this decline in hormonal activity. Hormone replacement strategies have been developed, but many of their aspects remain controversial, and increasing blood hormone levels in aging individuals to those found during mid-adult life has not been uniformly proven to be safe and of benefit.

The authors are in the Department of Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed at the Department of Medicine, University Hospital Dijkzigt, 40 Dr. Molewaterplein, 3015 GD Rotterdam, Netherlands. E-mail: lamberts{at}inw3.azr.nl

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Efficacy of Ghrelin as a Therapeutic Approach for Age-Related Physiological Changes.
H. Ariyasu, H. Iwakura, G. Yamada, K. Nakao, K. Kangawa, and T. Akamizu (2008)
Endocrinology 149, 3722-3728
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Should We Still Use Glucose-Suppressed Growth Hormone Levels for the Evaluation of Acromegaly?.
A. Colao and G. Lombardi (2008)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93, 1181-1182
   Full Text »    PDF »
Interleukin-15: A muscle-derived cytokine regulating fat-to-lean body composition.
L. S. Quinn (2008)
J Anim Sci 86, E75-E83
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Insulin Dysfunction Induces In Vivo Tau Hyperphosphorylation through Distinct Mechanisms.
E. Planel, Y. Tatebayashi, T. Miyasaka, L. Liu, L. Wang, M. Herman, W. H. Yu, J. A. Luchsinger, B. Wadzinski, K. E. Duff, et al. (2007)
J. Neurosci. 27, 13635-13648
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cardiac Function in Young and Old Little Mice.
A. K. Reddy, D. Amador-Noguez, G. J. Darlington, B. A. Scholz, L. H. Michael, C. J. Hartley, M. L. Entman, and G. E. Taffet (2007)
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 62, 1319-1325
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transgenic Overexpression of Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A Increases the Somatic Growth and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Mice.
M. Rehage, S. Mohan, J. E. Wergedal, B. Bonafede, K. Tran, D. Hou, D. Phang, A. Kumar, and X. Qin (2007)
Endocrinology 148, 6176-6185
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Muscle-specific overexpression of the type 1 IGF receptor results in myoblast-independent muscle hypertrophy via PI3K, and not calcineurin, signaling.
L. S. Quinn, B. G. Anderson, and S. R. Plymate (2007)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293, E1538-E1551
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Midregional Pro-A-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Carboxy-Terminal Provasopressin May Predict Prognosis in Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
M. Masia, J. Papassotiriou, N. G. Morgenthaler, I. Hernandez, C. Shum, and F. Gutierrez (2007)
Clin. Chem. 53, 2193-2201
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Relationship Between Low Levels of Anabolic Hormones and 6-Year Mortality in Older Men: The Aging in the Chianti Area (InCHIANTI) Study.
M. Maggio, F. Lauretani, G. P. Ceda, S. Bandinelli, S. M. Ling, E. J. Metter, A. Artoni, L. Carassale, A. Cazzato, G. Ceresini, et al. (2007)
Arch Intern Med 167, 2249-2254
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Physical Activity Level and Physical Functionality in Nonagenarians Compared to Individuals Aged 60 74 Years.
M. I. Frisard, J. M. Fabre, R. D. Russell, C. M. King, J. P. DeLany, R. H. Wood, E. Ravussin, and for the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study (2007)
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 62, 783-788
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dehydroepiandrosterone improves murine osteoblast growth and bone tissue morphometry via mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway independent of either androgen receptor or estrogen receptor.
L. Wang, Y.-D. Wang, W.-J. Wang, Y. Zhu, and D.-J. Li (2007)
J. Mol. Endocrinol. 38, 467-479
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Testosterone and cognitive function: current clinical evidence of a relationship.
O. Beauchet (2006)
Eur. J. Endocrinol. 155, 773-781
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Baseline Characteristics and Effects of Growth Hormone Therapy over Two Years in Younger and Elderly Adults with Adult Onset GH Deficiency.
C. Franco, G. Johannsson, B.-A. Bengtsson, and J. Svensson (2006)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 91, 4408-4414
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Efficacy of myonuclear addition may explain differential myofiber growth among resistance-trained young and older men and women.
J. K. Petrella, J.-s. Kim, J. M. Cross, D. J. Kosek, and M. M. Bamman (2006)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 291, E937-E946
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Anabolic Deficiency in Men With Chronic Heart Failure: Prevalence and Detrimental Impact on Survival.
E. A. Jankowska, B. Biel, J. Majda, A. Szklarska, M. Lopuszanska, M. Medras, S. D. Anker, W. Banasiak, P. A. Poole-Wilson, and P. Ponikowski (2006)
Circulation 114, 1829-1837
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone and Atamestane Supplementation on Frailty in Elderly Men.
M. Muller, A. W. van den Beld, Y. T. van der Schouw, D. E. Grobbee, and S. W. J. Lamberts (2006)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 91, 3988-3991
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The effect of changes in adiposity on testosterone levels in older men: longitudinal results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study.
B. A Mohr, S. Bhasin, C. L Link, A. B O'Donnell, and J. B McKinlay (2006)
Eur. J. Endocrinol. 155, 443-452
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Mediates Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Suppression of Differentiation in Myoblasts.
K. Strle, S. R. Broussard, R. H. McCusker, W.-H. Shen, J. M. LeCleir, R. W. Johnson, G. G. Freund, R. Dantzer, and K. W. Kelley (2006)
Endocrinology 147, 4363-4373
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Association of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate with endothelial function in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome..
A Dagre, J Lekakis, C Mihas, A Protogerou, L Thalassinou, D Tryfonopoulos, G Douridas, C Papamichael, and M Alevizaki (2006)
Eur. J. Endocrinol. 154, 883-890
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sex Hormones and Risks of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Developmental or Environmental Influences.
A. T. MASI, J. C. ALDAG, and R. T CHATTERTON (2006)
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1069, 223-235
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effects of GH and/or sex steroids on circulating IGF-I and IGFBPs in healthy, aged women and men.
T. Munzer, C. J. Rosen, S.M. Harman, K. M. Pabst, C. St. Clair, J. D. Sorkin, and M. R. Blackman (2006)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 290, E1006-E1013
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Myotendinous plasticity to ageing and resistance exercise in humans.
N. D. Reeves, M. V. Narici, and C. N. Maganaris (2006)
Exp Physiol 91, 483-498
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Testosterone and Estradiol among Older Men.
E. Orwoll, L. C. Lambert, L. M. Marshall, K. Phipps, J. Blank, E. Barrett-Connor, J. Cauley, K. Ensrud, S. Cummings, and for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study Group (2006)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 91, 1336-1344
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diagnosis and management of pituitary tumours in the elderly: a review based on personal experience and evidence of literature.
G. Minniti, V. Esposito, M. Piccirilli, A. Fratticci, A. Santoro, and M.-L. Jaffrain-Rea (2005)
Eur. J. Endocrinol. 153, 723-735
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effects of Testosterone on Cognitive and Brain Aging in Elderly Men.
S. D. MOFFAT (2005)
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1055, 80-92
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dehydroepiandrosterone Restoration of Growth Hormone Gene Expression in Aging Female Rats, in Vivo and in Vitro: Evidence for Actions via Estrogen Receptors.
M. Iruthayanathan, Y.-H. Zhou, and G. V. Childs (2005)
Endocrinology 146, 5176-5187
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Direct Agonist/Antagonist Functions of Dehydroepiandrosterone.
F. Chen, K. Knecht, E. Birzin, J. Fisher, H. Wilkinson, M. Mojena, C. T. Moreno, A. Schmidt, S.-i. Harada, L. P. Freedman, et al. (2005)
Endocrinology 146, 4568-4576
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Common Polymorphism in the CYP3A7 Gene Is Associated with a Nearly 50% Reduction in Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Levels.
P. Smit, R. H. N. van Schaik, M. van der Werf, A. W. van den Beld, J. W. Koper, J. Lindemans, H. A. P. Pols, A. O. Brinkmann, F. H. de Jong, and S. W. J. Lamberts (2005)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90, 5313-5316
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Growth hormone and testosterone interact positively to enhance protein and energy metabolism in hypopituitary men.
J. Gibney, T. Wolthers, G. Johannsson, A. M. Umpleby, and K. K. Y. Ho (2005)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 289, E266-E271
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endogenous Sex Hormones and Metabolic Syndrome in Aging Men.
M. Muller, D. E. Grobbee, I. den Tonkelaar, S. W. J. Lamberts, and Y. T. van der Schouw (2005)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90, 2618-2623
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endothelial aging.
R. P. Brandes, I. Fleming, and R. Busse (2005)
Cardiovasc Res 66, 286-294
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a molecular signature of sarcopenia.
P. G. Giresi, E. J. Stevenson, J. Theilhaber, A. Koncarevic, J. Parkington, R. A. Fielding, and S. C. Kandarian (2005)
Physiol Genomics 21, 253-263
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Endocrinology and Physiology of the Aging Central Nervous System.
R. G. Smith, L. Betancourt, and Y. Sun (2005)
Endocr. Rev. 26, 203-250
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Protein and Amino Acids in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Sarcopenia.
H. C. Dreyer and E. Volpi (2005)
J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 24, 140S-145S
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endogenous sex hormone levels and cognitive function in aging men: Is there an optimal level?.
M. Muller, A. Aleman, D. E. Grobbee, E. H.F. de Haan, and Y. T. van der Schouw (2005)
Neurology 64, 866-871
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Physiological Testosterone Replenishment in Healthy Elderly Men Does Not Normalize Pituitary Growth Hormone Output: Evidence against the Connection between Senile Hypogonadism and Somatopause.
J. J. Orrego, E. Dimaraki, K. Symons, and A. L. Barkan (2004)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89, 3255-3260
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Endogenous Sex Hormones and Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Elderly Men.
M. Muller, A. W. van den Beld, M. L. Bots, D. E. Grobbee, S. W.J. Lamberts, and Y. T. van der Schouw (2004)
Circulation 109, 2074-2079
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Neuropeptide Y Gene Expression Is Increased in the Hypothalamus of Older Women.
C. M. Escobar, S. J. Krajewski, T. Sandoval-Guzman, M. L. Voytko, and N. E. Rance (2004)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89, 2338-2343
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The effect of recombinant human growth hormone and resistance training on IGF-I mRNA expression in the muscles of elderly men.
M. Hameed, K. H. W. Lange, J. L. Andersen, P. Schjerling, M. Kjaer, S. D. R. Harridge, and G. Goldspink (2004)
J. Physiol. 555, 231-240
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Free testosterone and risk for Alzheimer disease in older men.
S. D. Moffat, A. B. Zonderman, E. J. Metter, C. Kawas, M. R. Blackman, S. M. Harman, and S. M. Resnick (2004)
Neurology 62, 188-193
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dehydroepiandrosterone Stimulates Glucose Uptake in Human and Murine Adipocytes by Inducing GLUT1 and GLUT4 Translocation to the Plasma Membrane.
S. Perrini, A. Natalicchio, L. Laviola, G. Belsanti, C. Montrone, A. Cignarelli, V. Minielli, M. Grano, G. De Pergola, R. Giorgino, et al. (2004)
Diabetes 53, 41-52
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Does the Road to Muscle Rejuvenation Go Through Notch?.
J. B. Miller and C. P. Emerson Jr. (2003)
Sci. Aging Knowl. Environ. 2003, pe34-34
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Catabolic/Anabolic Balance and Muscle Wasting in Patients With COPD.
R. Debigare, K. Marquis, C. H. Cote, R. R. Tremblay, A. Michaud, P. LeBlanc, and F. Maltais (2003)
Chest 124, 83-89
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dehydroepiandrosterone Supplementation Improves Endothelial Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Men.
H. Kawano, H. Yasue, A. Kitagawa, N. Hirai, T. Yoshida, H. Soejima, S. Miyamoto, M. Nakano, and H. Ogawa (2003)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88, 3190-3195
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Author's Response: Low Levels of Endogenous Androgens Increase the Risk of Atherosclerosis in Elderly Men--Further Supportive Data.
A. E. Hak (2003)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88, 1404
   Full Text »
Gender Differences in Resistance-Training-Induced Myofiber Hypertrophy Among Older Adults.
M. M. Bamman, V. J. Hill, G. R. Adams, F. Haddad, C. J. Wetzstein, B. A. Gower, A. Ahmed, and G. R. Hunter (2003)
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 58, B108-116
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Aging and Neural Control of the GI Tract: V. Aging and gastrointestinal smooth muscle: from signal transduction to contractile proteins.
K. N. Bitar (2003)
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 284, G1-G7
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Longitudinal Assessment of Serum Free Testosterone Concentration Predicts Memory Performance and Cognitive Status in Elderly Men.
S. D. Moffat, A. B. Zonderman, E. J. Metter, M. R. Blackman, S. M. Harman, and S. M. Resnick (2002)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 5001-5007
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Aging-Related Changes in Release of Growth Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone in Female Rhesus Monkeys.
M. J. Woller, G. Everson-Binotto, E. Nichols, A. Acheson, K. L. Keen, C. Y. Bowers, and E. Terasawa (2002)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 5160-5167
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Endocrinology of Aging and the Brain.
S. W. J. Lamberts (2002)
Arch Neurol 59, 1709-1711
   Full Text »    PDF »
Aging-related satellite cell differentiation defect occurs prematurely after Ski-induced muscle hypertrophy.
S. B. P. Charge, A. S. Brack, and S. M. Hughes (2002)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 283, C1228-C1241
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Low Levels of Endogenous Androgens Increase the Risk of Atherosclerosis in Elderly Men: The Rotterdam Study.
A. E. Hak, J. C. M. Witteman, F. H. de Jong, M. I. Geerlings, A. Hofman, and H. A. P. Pols (2002)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 3632-3639
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Decreased Pituitary-Gonadal Secretion in Men with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
R. Luboshitzky, A. Aviv, A. Hefetz, P. Herer, Z. Shen-Orr, L. Lavie, and P. Lavie (2002)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 3394-3398
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Muscle Injuries and Repair: Current Trends in Research.
J. Huard, Y. Li, and F. H. Fu (2002)
J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 84, 822-832
   Full Text »    PDF »
Age Trends in the Level of Serum Testosterone and Other Hormones in Middle-Aged Men: Longitudinal Results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study.
H. A. Feldman, C. Longcope, C. A. Derby, C. B. Johannes, A. B. Araujo, A. D. Coviello, W. J. Bremner, and J. B. McKinlay (2002)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 589-598
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Age-Associated Loss of Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Cells Is Reversed by GH and Accompanies Thymic Reconstitution.
R. A. French, S. R. Broussard, W. A. Meier, C. Minshall, S. Arkins, J. F. Zachary, R. Dantzer, and K. W. Kelley (2002)
Endocrinology 143, 690-699
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Andropause: Clinical Implications of the Decline in Serum Testosterone Levels With Aging in Men.
A. M. Matsumoto (2002)
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 57, M76-99
   Full Text »
Free Radicals in the Physiological Control of Cell Function.
W. Droge (2002)
Physiol Rev 82, 47-95
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Atherosclerosis and Cancer: Common Molecular Pathways of Disease Development and Progression.
J. S. ROSS, N. E. STAGLIANO, M. J. DONOVAN, R. E. BREITBART, and G. S. GINSBURG (2001)
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 947, 271-293
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gene Expression in Brown Norway Rat Leydig Cells: Effects of Age and of Age-Related Germ Cell Loss.
P. Syntin, H. Chen, B. R. Zirkin, and B. Robaire (2001)
Endocrinology 142, 5277-5285
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Semiquantification of Hypothalamic GH-Releasing Hormone Output in Women: Evidence for Sexual Dimorphism in the Mechanism of the Somatopause.
J. J. Orrego, M. Russell-Aulet, R. Demott-Friberg, and A. L. Barkan (2001)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86, 5485-5490
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Effect of Tibolone on Fat Mass, Fat-Free Mass, and Total Body Water in Postmenopausal Women.
I. B. Meeuwsen, M. M. Samson, S. A. Duursma, and H. J. Verhaar (2001)
Endocrinology 142, 4813-4817
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Long-Term Effects of Fenretinide, a Retinoic Acid Derivative, on the Insulin-like Growth Factor System in Women with Early Breast Cancer.
A. Decensi, H. Johansson, R. Miceli, L. Mariani, T. Camerini, E. Cavadini, M. G. Di Mauro, A. Barreca, A. G. Gonzaga, S. Diani, et al. (2001)
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 10, 1047-1053
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Prospective Study of 5 Years of GH Replacement Therapy in GH-Deficient Adults: Sustained Effects on Body Composition, Bone Mass, and Metabolic Indices.
G. Gotherstrom, J. Svensson, J. Koranyi, M. Alpsten, I. Bosaus, B.-A. Bengtsson, and G. Johannsson (2001)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86, 4657-4665
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
GH Is Needed for the Maturation of Muscle Mass and Strength in Adolescents.
L. Hulthen, B.-A. Bengtsson, K. S. Sunnerhagen, L. Hallberg, G. Grimby, and G. Johannsson (2001)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86, 4765-4770
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Relative Androgen Excess and Increased Cardiovascular Risk after Menopause: A Hypothesized Relation.
Y. Liu, J. Ding, T. L. Bush, J. C. Longenecker, F. J. Nieto, S. H. Golden, and M. Szklo (2001)
Am. J. Epidemiol. 154, 489-494
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Use of an Antifibrosis Agent to Improve Muscle Recovery after Laceration.
K. Fukushima, N. Badlani, A. Usas, F. Riano, F. H. Fu, and J. Huard (2001)
Am. J. Sports Med. 29, 394-402
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Different modes of hippocampal plasticity in response to estrogen in young and aged female rats.
M. M. Adams, R. A. Shah, W. G. M. Janssen, and J. H. Morrison (2001)
PNAS
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Melatonin or a melatonin agonist corrects age-related changes in circadian response to environmental stimulus.
O. Van Reeth, L. Weibel, E. Olivares, S. Maccari, E. Mocaer, and F. W. Turek (2001)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 280, R1582-R1591
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Can Estrogen or Selective Estrogen-Receptor Modulators Preserve Cognitive Function in Elderly Women?.
R. Mayeux (2001)
N. Engl. J. Med. 344, 1242-1244
   Full Text »    PDF »
Stimulation of {beta}-Amyloid Precursor Protein Trafficking by Insulin Reduces Intraneuronal {beta}-Amyloid and Requires Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling.
L. Gasparini, G. K. Gouras, R. Wang, R. S. Gross, M. F. Beal, P. Greengard, and H. Xu (2001)
J. Neurosci. 21, 2561-2570
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Decreased Expression of Voltage- and Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels in Coronary Smooth Muscle During Aging.
J. Marijic, Q. Li, M. Song, K. Nishimaru, E. Stefani, and L. Toro (2001)
Circ. Res. 88, 210-216
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gene Expression Profile of the Aging Process in Rat Liver: Normalizing Effects of Growth Hormone Replacement.
P. Tollet-Egnell, A. Flores-Morales, N. Ståhlberg, R. L. Malek, N. Lee, and G. Norstedt (2001)
Mol. Endocrinol. 15, 308-318
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Modulation of the Startle Response and Startle Laterality in Relatives of Schizophrenic Patients and in Subjects With Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Evidence of Inhibitory Deficits.
K. S. Cadenhead, N. R. Swerdlow, K. M. Shafer, M. Diaz, and D. L. Braff (2000)
Am J Psychiatry 157, 1660-1668
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Male Menopause and Mood: Testosterone Decline and Depression in the Aging Male--Is There a Link?.
H. C. Margolese (2000)
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 13, 93-101
   Abstract »    PDF »
Age-Dependent Changes in Sperm Production, Semen Quality, and Testicular Volume in the Black-Footed Ferret (Mustela nigripes).
K.N. Wolf, D.E. Wildt, A. Vargas, P.E. Marinari, J.S. Kreeger, M.A. Ottinger, and J.G. Howard (2000)
Biol Reprod 63, 179-187
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Roles of Prolactin, Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, and Thyroid Hormones in Lymphocyte Development and Function: Insights from Genetic Models of Hormone and Hormone Receptor Deficiency.
K. Dorshkind and N. D. Horseman (2000)
Endocr. Rev. 21, 292-312
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Impact of Age on Cortisol Secretory Dynamics Basally and as Driven by Nutrient-Withdrawal Stress.
M. Bergendahl, A. Iranmanesh, T. Mulligan, and J. D. Veldhuis (2000)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85, 2203-2214
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Leptin and Aging: Correlation with Endocrine Changes in Male and Female Healthy Adult Populations of Different Body Weights.
A. M. Isidori, F. Strollo, M. Morè, M. Caprio, A. Aversa, C. Moretti, G. Frajese, G. Riondino, and A. Fabbri (2000)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85, 1954-1962
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Endocrine Modulators in the Environment: An Introduction to Endocrine Modulators.
M. J. Iatropoulos (2000)
Toxicol Pathol 28, 415-417
   Abstract »    PDF »
Endocrine Modulators in the Food Chain and Environment.
R. Nilsson (2000)
Toxicol Pathol 28, 420-431
   Abstract »    PDF »
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 Is Associated With the Presence and Extent of Coronary Arteriosclerosis.
S. Schuler-Luttmann, G. Monnig, A. Enbergs, H. Schulte, G. Breithardt, G. Assmann, S. Kerber, and A. von Eckardstein (2000)
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 20 , e10-e15
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
For and against: The male menopause---does it exist? • For • Against.
D. C Gould, R. Petty, and H. S Jacobs (2000)
BMJ 320, 858-861
   Full Text »
Longitudinal changes in adult fat-free mass: influence of body weight.
G. B Forbes (1999)
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition 70, 1025-1031
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Growth Hormone Improves Body Mass Recovery with Refeeding after Chronic Undernutrition-Induced Muscle Atrophy in Aging Male Rats.
B. T. Ameredes, J. F. Watchko, M. J. Daood, J. F. Rosas, M. P. Donahoe, and R. M. Rogers (1999)
J. Nutr. 129, 2264-2270
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Impaired Cardiac Performance in Elderly Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency.
A. Colao, A. Cuocolo, C. Di Somma, G. Cerbone, A. M. Della Morte, E. Nicolai, R. Lucci, M. Salvatore, and G. Lombardi (1999)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84, 3950-3955
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Underdeveloped uterus and reduced estrogen responsiveness in mice with disruption of the estrogen-responsive finger protein gene, which is a direct target of estrogen receptor alpha.
A. Orimo, S. Inoue, O. Minowa, N. Tominaga, Y. Tomioka, M. Sato, J. Kuno, H. Hiroi, Y. Shimizu, M. Suzuki, et al. (1999)
PNAS 96, 12027-12032
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effects of heavy-resistance training on hormonal response patterns in younger vs. older men.
W. J. Kraemer, K. Hakkinen, R. U. Newton, B. C. Nindl, J. S. Volek, M. McCormick, L. A. Gotshalk, S. E. Gordon, S. J. Fleck, W. W. Campbell, et al. (1999)
J Appl Physiol 87, 982-992
   Abstract »