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Science 20 June 1997:
Vol. 276. no. 5320, pp. 1872 - 1874
DOI: 10.1126/science.276.5320.1872
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Reports

Specific Oxidative Cleavage of Carotenoids by VP14 of Maize

Steven H. Schwartz, * Bao Cai Tan, * Douglas A. Gage, Jan A. D. Zeevaart, dagger Donald R. McCarty

The plant growth regulator abscisic acid (ABA) is formed by the oxidative cleavage of an epoxy-carotenoid. The synthesis of other apocarotenoids, such as vitamin A in animals, may occur by a similar mechanism. In ABA biosynthesis, oxidative cleavage is the first committed reaction and is believed to be the key regulatory step. A new ABA-deficient mutant of maize has been identified and the corresponding gene, Vp14, has been cloned. The recombinant VP14 protein catalyzes the cleavage of 9-cis-epoxy-carotenoids to form C25 apo-aldehydes and xanthoxin, a precursor of ABA in higher plants.

S. H. Schwartz and J. A. D. Zeevaart, Michigan State University-Department of Energy (MSU-DOE) Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
B. C. Tan and D. R. McCarty, Graduate Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Horticultural Sciences, 1143 Fifield Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
D. A. Gage, Department of Biochemistry, MSU, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
*   These authors contributed equally to this work.

dagger    To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zeevaart{at}pilot.msu.edu

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Dominant Wilty mutants of Zea mays (Poaceae) are not impaired in abscisic acidperception or metabolism.
C. D. Rock and P. P. F. Ng (1999)
Am. J. Botany 86, 1796-1800
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Unusual carotenoid composition and a new type of xanthophyll cycle in plants.
R. A. Bungard, A. V. Ruban, J. M. Hibberd, M. C. Press, P. Horton, and J. D. Scholes (1999)
PNAS 96, 1135-1139
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Expression Studies of the Zeaxanthin Epoxidase Gene in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia.
C. Audran, C. Borel, A. Frey, B. Sotta, C. Meyer, T. Simonneau, and A. Marion-Poll (1998)
Plant Physiology 118, 1021-1028
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Genetic control of abscisic acid biosynthesis in maize.
B. C. Tan, S. H. Schwartz, J. A. D. Zeevaart, and D. R. McCarty (1997)
PNAS 94, 12235-12240
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Identification, Expression, and Substrate Specificity of a Mammalian beta -Carotene 15,15'-Dioxygenase.
T. M. Redmond, S. Gentleman, T. Duncan, S. Yu, B. Wiggert, E. Gantt, and F. X. Cunningham Jr. (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 6560-6565
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Expression and Characterization of a Murine Enzyme Able to Cleave beta -Carotene. THE FORMATION OF RETINOIDS.
J. Paik, A. During, E. H. Harrison, C. L. Mendelsohn, K. Lai, and W. S. Blaner (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 32160-32168
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Identification and Characterization of a Mammalian Enzyme Catalyzing the Asymmetric Oxidative Cleavage of Provitamin A.
C. Kiefer, S. Hessel, J. M. Lampert, K. Vogt, M. O. Lederer, D. E. Breithaupt, and J. von Lintig (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 14110-14116
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of a Novel Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase from Plants.
S. H. Schwartz, X. Qin, and J. A. D. Zeevaart (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 25208-25211
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Analysis of the blind Drosophila mutant ninaB identifies the gene encoding the key enzyme for vitamin A formation invivo.
J. von Lintig, A. Dreher, C. Kiefer, M. F. Wernet, and K. Vogt (2001)
PNAS 98, 1130-1135
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Arabidopsis aldehyde oxidase 3 (AAO3) gene product catalyzes the final step in abscisic acid biosynthesis in leaves.
M. Seo, A. J. M. Peeters, H. Koiwai, T. Oritani, A. Marion-Poll, J. A. D. Zeevaart, M. Koornneef, Y. Kamiya, and T. Koshiba (2000)
PNAS 97, 12908-12913
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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