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Science 14 March 1997:
Vol. 275. no. 5306, pp. 1649 - 1652
DOI: 10.1126/science.275.5306.1649

Reports

Mitogenic Signaling Mediated by Oxidants in Ras-Transformed Fibroblasts

Kaikobad Irani, Yong Xia, Jay L. Zweier, Steven J. Sollott, Channing J. Der, Eric R. Fearon, Maitrayee Sundaresan, Toren Finkel, Pascal J. Goldschmidt-Clermont *

NIH 3T3 fibroblasts stably transformed with a constitutively active isoform of p21Ras, H-RasV12 (v-H-Ras or EJ-Ras), produced large amounts of the reactive oxygen species superoxide (·O2-). ·O2- production was suppressed by the expression of dominant negative isoforms of Ras or Rac1, as well as by treatment with a farnesyltransferase inhibitor or with diphenylene iodonium, a flavoprotein inhibitor. The mitogenic activity of cells expressing H-RasV12 was inhibited by treatment with the chemical antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity was decreased and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was not activated in H-RasV12-transformed cells. Thus, H-RasV12-induced transformation can lead to the production of ·O2- through one or more pathways involving a flavoprotein and Rac1. The implication of a reactive oxygen species, probably ·O2-, as a mediator of Ras-induced cell cycle progression independent of MAPK and JNK suggests a possible mechanism for the effects of antioxidants against Ras-induced cellular transformation.

K. Irani, Y. Xia, J. L. Zweier, S. J. Sollott, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
C. J. Der, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
E. R. Fearon, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
M. Sundaresan and T. Finkel, Cardiology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
P. J. Goldschmidt-Clermont, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed at Heart and Lung Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.


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S. Patil, M. Bunderson, J. Wilham, and S. M. Black (2004)
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 287, L1314-L1322
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Src Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PP2 Markedly Enhances Ras-independent Activation of Raf-1 Protein Kinase by Phorbol Myristate Acetate and H2O2.
M. Lee, J.-Y. Kim, and W. B. Anderson (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 48692-48701
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Mutant K-rasV12 increases COX-2, peroxides and DNA damage in lung cells.
A. Maciag, G. Sithanandam, and L. M. Anderson (2004)
Carcinogenesis 25, 2231-2237
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Human Polynucleotide Phosphorylase (hPNPaseold-35): A Potential Link between Aging and Inflammation.
D. Sarkar, I. V. Lebedeva, L. Emdad, D.-c. Kang, A. S. Baldwin Jr., and P. B. Fisher (2004)
Cancer Res. 64, 7473-7478
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Induction of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1 Activity by Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling.
K. Hirota, R. Fukuda, S. Takabuchi, S. Kizaka-Kondoh, T. Adachi, K. Fukuda, and G. L. Semenza (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 41521-41528
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In vivo Detection of Gastric Cancer in Rats by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging.
T. Mikuni, G. He, S. Petryakov, M. M. Fallouh, Y. Deng, R. Ishihara, P. Kuppusamy, M. Tatsuta, and J. L. Zweier (2004)
Cancer Res. 64, 6495-6502
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Activation of Ras-Ral Pathway Attenuates p53-independent DNA Damage G2 Checkpoint.
L. S. Agapova, J. L. Volodina, P. M. Chumakov, and B. P. Kopnin (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 36382-36389
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Rap1 Signaling Is Required for Suppression of Ras-Generated Reactive Oxygen Species and Protection Against Oxidative Stress in T Lymphocytes.
P. H. J. Remans, S. I. Gringhuis, J. M. van Laar, M. E. Sanders, E. A. M. Papendrecht-van der Voort, F. J. T. Zwartkruis, E. W. N. Levarht, M. Rosas, P. J. Coffer, F. C. Breedveld, et al. (2004)
J. Immunol. 173, 920-931
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High Levels of Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity Dampen H2O2 Signaling in Human Alveolar Macrophages.
A. B. Carter, L. A. Tephly, S. Venkataraman, L. W. Oberley, Y. Zhang, G. R. Buettner, D. R. Spitz, and G. W. Hunninghake (2004)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 31, 43-53
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Activated oncogenes promote and cooperate with chromosomal instability for neoplastic transformation.
R. A. Woo and R. Y.C. Poon (2004)
Genes & Dev. 18, 1317-1330
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Superoxide-Generating Oxidase Nox1 Is Functionally Required for Ras Oncogene Transformation.
J. Mitsushita, J. D. Lambeth, and T. Kamata (2004)
Cancer Res. 64, 3580-3585
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HBP1 Repression of the p47phox Gene: Cell Cycle Regulation via the NADPH Oxidase.
S. P. Berasi, M. Xiu, A. S. Yee, and K. E. Paulson (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 3011-3024
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Ras Induction of Superoxide Activates ERK-dependent Angiogenic Transcription Factor HIF-1{alpha} and VEGF-A Expression in Shock Wave-stimulated Osteoblasts.
F.-S. Wang, C.-J. Wang, Y.-J. Chen, P.-R. Chang, Y.-T. Huang, Y.-C. Sun, H.-C. Huang, Y.-J. Yang, and K. D. Yang (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 10331-10337
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Potential Contributory Role of H-Ras, a Small G-Protein, in the Development of Retinopathy in Diabetic Rats.
R. A. Kowluru, A. Kowluru, S. Chakrabarti, and Z. Khan (2004)
Diabetes 53, 775-783
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Modulation of bone marrow-derived neutrophil signaling by H2O2: disparate effects on kinases, NF-{kappa}B, and cytokine expression.
D. Strassheim, K. Asehnoune, J.-S. Park, J.-Y. Kim, Q. He, D. Richter, S. Mitra, J. Arcaroli, K. Kuhn, and E. Abraham (2004)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 286, C683-C692
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Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species in Toll-Like Receptor 4-Dependent Activation of NF-{kappa}B.
K. Asehnoune, D. Strassheim, S. Mitra, J. Y. Kim, and E. Abraham (2004)
J. Immunol. 172, 2522-2529
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »



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