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Science 22 November 1996:
Vol. 274. no. 5291, pp. 1383 - 1385
DOI: 10.1126/science.274.5291.1383

Reports

Neuroprotection by Aspirin and Sodium Salicylate Through Blockade of NF-kappa B Activation

Mariagrazia Grilli, * Marina Pizzi, Maurizio Memo, PierFranco Spano

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is a commonly prescribed drug with a wide pharmacological spectrum. At concentrations compatible with amounts in plasma during chronic anti-inflammatory therapy, acetylsalicylic acid and its metabolite sodium salicylate were found to be protective against neurotoxicity elicited by the excitatory amino acid glutamate in rat primary neuronal cultures and hippocampal slices. The site of action of the drugs appeared to be downstream of glutamate receptors and to involve specific inhibition of glutamate-mediated induction of nuclear factor kappa B. These results may contribute to the emerging theme of anti-inflammatory drugs and neurodegeneration.

Division of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Brescia Medical School, Brescia, I-25123 Italy.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mpharm{at}master.cci.unibs.it


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S. L. Hickenbottom, J. C. Grotta, R. Strong, L. A. Denner, J. Aronowski, and R. L. Macdonald (1999)
Stroke 30 , 2472-2478
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Lack of the p50 Subunit of Nuclear Factor-kappa B Increases the Vulnerability of Hippocampal Neurons to Excitotoxic Injury.
Z. Yu, D. Zhou, A. J. Bruce-Keller, M. S. Kindy, and M. P. Mattson (1999)
J. Neurosci. 19, 8856-8865
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ischemic Cell Death in Brain Neurons.
P. Lipton (1999)
Physiol Rev 79, 1431-1568
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sulindac Inhibits Activation of the NF-kappa B Pathway.
Y. Yamamoto, M.-J. Yin, K.-M. Lin, and R. B. Gaynor (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 27307-27314
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-{{kappa}}B Activation Confers Sensitivity to Tumor Necrosis Factor-{{alpha}} by Impairment of Cell Cycle Progression in Human Glioma Cells.
G. Otsuka, T. Nagaya, K. Saito, M. Mizuno, J. Yoshida, and H. Seo (1999)
Cancer Res. 59, 4446-4452
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Antiplatelet treatment does not reduce the severity of subsequent stroke.
J. Sivenius, L. Cunha, H.-C. Diener, C. Forbes, M. Laakso, A. Lowenthal, P. Smets, and P. Riekkinen Sr. (1999)
Neurology 53, 825
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Intrastriatal Dopamine Injection Induces Apoptosis Through Oxidation-Involved Activation of Transcription Factors AP-1 and NF-kappa B in Rats.
Y. Luo, A. Hattori, J. Munoz, Z.-H. Qin, and G. S. Roth (1999)
Mol. Pharmacol. 56, 254-264
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Inhibition of Cytokine Gene Expression by Sodium Salicylate in a Macrophage Cell Line through an NF-kappa B-Independent Mechanism.
S. Lemay, T. V. Lebedeva, and A. K. Singh (1999)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 6, 567-572
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Review : Gene Expression after Cerebral Ischemia.
S. I. Savitz and D. M. Rosenbaum (1999)
Neuroscientist 5, 238-253
   Abstract »    PDF »
Induction of Stromelysin Gene Expression by Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha  Is Inhibited by Dexamethasone, Salicylate, and N-Acetylcysteine in Synovial Fibroblasts.
I. Morin, W. Q. Li, S. Su, M. Ahmad, and M. Zafarullah (1999)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 289, 1634-1640
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Salicylates and sulfasalazine, but not glucocorticoids, inhibit leukocyte accumulation by an adenosine-dependent mechanism that is independent of inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and p105 of NFkappa B.
B. N. Cronstein, M. C. Montesinos, and G. Weissmann (1999)
PNAS 96, 6377-6381
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nuclear Factor kappa B Nuclear Translocation Upregulates c-Myc and p53 Expression during NMDA Receptor-Mediated Apoptosis in Rat Striatum.
Z.-H. Qin, R.-W. Chen, Y. Wang, M. Nakai, D.-M. Chuang, and T. N. Chase (1999)
J. Neurosci. 19, 4023-4033
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Inhibitory Actions by Glucocorticoid and Aspirin on Cytokine-Induced Nitric Oxide Production in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.
K. Katsuyama, M. Shichiri, H. Kato, T. Imai, F. Marumo, and Y. Hirata (1999)
Endocrinology 140, 2183-2190
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Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression by 4-Trifluoromethyl Derivatives of Salicylate, Triflusal, and Its Deacetylated Metabolite, 2-Hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic Acid.
A. F. de Arriba, F. Cavalcanti, A. Miralles, Y. Bayón, A. Alonso, M. Merlos, J. García-Rafanell, and J. Forn (1999)
Mol. Pharmacol. 55, 753-760
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Activation of Serum Response Factor by RhoA Is Mediated by the Nuclear Factor-kappa B and C/EBP Transcription Factors.
S. Montaner, R. Perona, L. Saniger, and J. C. Lacal (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 8506-8515
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The SCFbeta -TRCP-ubiquitin ligase complex associates specifically with phosphorylated destruction motifs in Ikappa Balpha and beta -catenin and stimulates Ikappa Balpha ubiquitination in vitro.
J. T. Winston, P. Strack, P. Beer-Romero, C. Y. Chu, S. J. Elledge, and J. W. Harper (1999)
Genes & Dev. 13, 270-283
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An Essential Role for Nuclear Factor {kappa}B in Promoting Double Positive Thymocyte Apoptosis.
T. Hettmann, J. DiDonato, M. Karin, and J. M. Leiden (1999)
J. Exp. Med. 189, 145-158
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Nerve Growth Factor-Dependent Activation of NF-kappa B Contributes to Survival of Sympathetic Neurons.
S. B. Maggirwar, P. D. Sarmiere, S. Dewhurst, and R. S. Freeman (1998)
J. Neurosci. 18, 10356-10365
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modes of action of aspirin-like drugs: Salicylates inhibit Erk activation and integrin-dependent neutrophil adhesion.
M. H. Pillinger, C. Capodici, P. Rosenthal, N. Kheterpal, S. Hanft, M. R. Philips, and G. Weissmann (1998)
PNAS 95, 14540-14545
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Paclitaxel (Taxol)-induced Gene Expression and Cell Death Are Both Mediated by the Activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal Kinase (JNK/SAPK).
L.-F. Lee, G. Li, D. J. Templeton, and J. P.-Y. Ting (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 28253-28260
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »



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