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This article has been retracted
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Science 7 June 1996:
Vol. 272. no. 5267, pp. 1489 - 1492
DOI: 10.1126/science.272.5267.1489
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Reports
Synergistic Activation of Estrogen Receptor with Combinations of
Environmental Chemicals
Steven F. Arnold,
Diane M. Klotz,
Bridgette M. Collins,
Peter M. Vonier,
Louis J. Guillette Jr.,
John A. McLachlan
*
Certain chemicals in the environment are estrogenic. The low
potencies of these compounds, when studied singly, suggest that they
may have little effect on biological systems. The estrogenic potencies
of combinations of such chemicals were screened in a simple yeast
estrogen system (YES) containing human estrogen receptor (hER).
Combinations of two weak environmental estrogens, such as dieldrin,
endosulfan, or toxaphene, were 1000 times as potent in hER-mediated
transactivation as any chemical alone. Hydroxylated polychlorinated
biphenyls shown previously to synergistically alter sexual development
in turtles also synergized in the YES. The synergistic interaction of
chemical mixtures with the estrogen receptor may have profound
environmental implications. These results may represent a previously
uncharacterized level of regulation of estrogen-associated responses.
S. F. Arnold, Department of Environmental Health Sciences,
Tulane University of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1501 Canal
Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA and Tulane-Xavier Center for
Bioenvironmental Research, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
D. M. Klotz, B. M. Collins, P. M. Vonier, Program in Molecular and
Cellular Biology, Tulane University Medical Center, 1430 Tulane Avenue,
New Orleans, LA 70112 USA and Tulane-Xavier Center for Bioenvironmental
Research, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
L. J. Guillette Jr., Department of Zoology, University of Florida, 223 Bartam Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA and Tulane-Xavier Center for
Bioenvironmental Research, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
J. A. McLachlan, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane
University of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1501 Canal Street,
New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Tulane
University Medical Center, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; and Tulane-Xavier Center for Bioenvironmental Research, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed at Tulane-Xavier
Center for Bioenvironmental Research, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans,
LA 70112, USA. E-mail: jmclach{at}mailhost.tcs.tulane.edu
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