Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 18 November 1994:
Vol. 266. no. 5188, pp. 1247 - 1250
DOI: 10.1126/science.266.5188.1247
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

A Central Role of Salicylic Acid in Plant Disease Resistance

Terrence P. Delaney 1, Scott Uknes 1, Bernard Vernooij 1, Leslie Friedrich 1, Kris Weymann 1, David Negrotto 1, Thomas Gaffney 1, Manuela Gut-Rella 2, Helmut Kessmann 3, Eric Ward 1, and John Ryals 1

1 Agricultural Biotechnology Research Unit, Ciba-Geigy Corporation, P.O. Box 12257, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
2 Seeds Division, Ciba-Geigy, Ltd., CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
3 Plant Protection Division, Ciba-Geigy, Ltd., CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland

Transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana expressing the bacterial enzyme salicylate hydroxylase cannot accumulate salicylic acid (SA). This defect not only makes the plants unable to induce systemic acquired resistance, but also leads to increased susceptibility to viral, fungal, and bacterial pathogens. The enhanced susceptibility extends even to host-pathogen combinations that would normally result in genetic resistance. Therefore, SA accumulation is essential for expression of multiple modes of plant disease resistance.

Submitted on May 26, 1994
Accepted on October 7, 1994


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Autophagy Negatively Regulates Cell Death by Controlling NPR1-Dependent Salicylic Acid Signaling during Senescence and the Innate Immune Response in Arabidopsis.
K. Yoshimoto, Y. Jikumaru, Y. Kamiya, M. Kusano, C. Consonni, R. Panstruga, Y. Ohsumi, and K. Shirasu (2009)
PLANT CELL 21, 2914-2927
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HORMONOMETER: A Tool for Discerning Transcript Signatures of Hormone Action in the Arabidopsis Transcriptome.
D. Volodarsky, N. Leviatan, A. Otcheretianski, and R. Fluhr (2009)
Plant Physiology 150, 1796-1805
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Family of Bacterial Cysteine Protease Type III Effectors Utilizes Acylation-dependent and -independent Strategies to Localize to Plasma Membranes.
R. H. Dowen, J. L. Engel, F. Shao, J. R. Ecker, and J. E. Dixon (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 15867-15879
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Enhanced Defense Responses in Arabidopsis Induced by the Cell Wall Protein Fractions from Pythium oligandrum Require SGT1, RAR1, NPR1 and JAR1.
Y. Kawamura, S. Takenaka, S. Hase, M. Kubota, Y. Ichinose, Y. Kanayama, K. Nakaho, D. F. Klessig, and H. Takahashi (2009)
Plant Cell Physiol. 50, 924-934
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Synthetic Elicitor 3,5-Dichloroanthranilic Acid Induces NPR1-Dependent and NPR1-Independent Mechanisms of Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis.
C. Knoth, M. S. Salus, T. Girke, and T. Eulgem (2009)
Plant Physiology 150, 333-347
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Use of a Synthetic Salicylic Acid Analog to Investigate the Roles of Methyl Salicylate and Its Esterases in Plant Disease Resistance.
S.-W. Park, P.-P. Liu, F. Forouhar, A. C. Vlot, L. Tong, K. Tietjen, and D. F. Klessig (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 7307-7317
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Salicylic acid deficiency in NahG transgenic lines and sid2 mutants increases seed yield in the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
M. E. Abreu and S. Munne-Bosch (2009)
J. Exp. Bot. 60, 1261-1271
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Heat Shock Factors HsfB1 and HsfB2b Are Involved in the Regulation of Pdf1.2 Expression and Pathogen Resistance in Arabidopsis.
M. Kumar, W. Busch, H. Birke, B. Kemmerling, T. Nurnberger, and F. Schoffl (2009)
Mol Plant 2, 152-165
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae) Infects Arabidopsis via a Mechanism Distinct from That Required for the Infection of Rice.
J.-Y. Park, J. Jin, Y.-W. Lee, S. Kang, and Y.-H. Lee (2009)
Plant Physiology 149, 474-486
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
BAH1/NLA, a RING-Type Ubiquitin E3 Ligase, Regulates the Accumulation of Salicylic Acid and Immune Responses to Pseudomonas syringae DC3000.
T. Yaeno and K. Iba (2008)
Plant Physiology 148, 1032-1041
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
XopD SUMO Protease Affects Host Transcription, Promotes Pathogen Growth, and Delays Symptom Development in Xanthomonas-Infected Tomato Leaves.
J.-G. Kim, K. W. Taylor, A. Hotson, M. Keegan, E. A. Schmelz, and M. B. Mudgett (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 1915-1929
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Antagonistic Interaction between Systemic Acquired Resistance and the Abscisic Acid-Mediated Abiotic Stress Response in Arabidopsis.
M. Yasuda, A. Ishikawa, Y. Jikumaru, M. Seki, T. Umezawa, T. Asami, A. Maruyama-Nakashita, T. Kudo, K. Shinozaki, S. Yoshida, et al. (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 1678-1692
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Silencing of acidic pathogenesis-related PR-1 genes increases extracellular {beta}-(1->3)-glucanase activity at the onset of tobacco defence reactions.
M.-P. Riviere, A. Marais, M. Ponchet, W. Willats, and E. Galiana (2008)
J. Exp. Bot.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Suppression of tobacco mosaic virus-induced hypersensitive-type necrotization in tobacco at high temperature is associated with downregulation of NADPH oxidase and superoxide and stimulation of dehydroascorbate reductase.
L. Kiraly, Y. M. Hafez, J. Fodor, and Z. Kiraly (2008)
J. Gen. Virol. 89, 799-808
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transgenic Expression of a Fungal endo-Polygalacturonase Increases Plant Resistance to Pathogens and Reduces Auxin Sensitivity.
S. Ferrari, R. Galletti, D. Pontiggia, C. Manfredini, V. Lionetti, D. Bellincampi, F. Cervone, and G. De Lorenzo (2008)
Plant Physiology 146, 669-681
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Salicylic Acid and Systemic Acquired Resistance Play a Role in Attenuating Crown Gall Disease Caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
A. Anand, S. R. Uppalapati, C.-M. Ryu, S. N. Allen, L. Kang, Y. Tang, and K. S. Mysore (2008)
Plant Physiology 146, 703-715
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Plant Growth-Promoting Fungus Penicillium simplicissimum GP17-2 Induces Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana by Activation of Multiple Defense Signals.
Md. M. Hossain, F. Sultana, M. Kubota, H. Koyama, and M. Hyakumachi (2007)
Plant Cell Physiol. 48, 1724-1736
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of tradeoffs between plant defenses against pathogens with different lifestyles.
S. H. Spoel, J. S. Johnson, and X. Dong (2007)
PNAS 104, 18842-18847
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dual Regulation Role of GH3.5 in Salicylic Acid and Auxin Signaling during Arabidopsis-Pseudomonas syringae Interaction.
Z. Zhang, Q. Li, Z. Li, P. E. Staswick, M. Wang, Y. Zhu, and Z. He (2007)
Plant Physiology 145, 450-464
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plant disease susceptibility conferred by a "resistance" gene.
J. M. Lorang, T. A. Sweat, and T. J. Wolpert (2007)
PNAS 104, 14861-14866
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
AtNUDT7, a Negative Regulator of Basal Immunity in Arabidopsis, Modulates Two Distinct Defense Response Pathways and Is Involved in Maintaining Redox Homeostasis.
X. Ge, G.-J. Li, S.-B. Wang, H. Zhu, T. Zhu, X. Wang, and Y. Xia (2007)
Plant Physiology 145, 204-215
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Probenazole-Induced Accumulation of Salicylic Acid Confers Resistance to Magnaporthe grisea in Adult Rice Plants.
T. Iwai, S. Seo, I. Mitsuhara, and Y. Ohashi (2007)
Plant Cell Physiol. 48, 915-924
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Resistance to Botrytis cinerea Induced in Arabidopsis by Elicitors Is Independent of Salicylic Acid, Ethylene, or Jasmonate Signaling But Requires PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3.
S. Ferrari, R. Galletti, C. Denoux, G. De Lorenzo, F. M. Ausubel, and J. Dewdney (2007)
Plant Physiology 144, 367-379
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plastidial fatty acid levels regulate resistance gene-dependent defense signaling in Arabidopsis.
A. C. Chandra-Shekara, S. C. Venugopal, S. R. Barman, A. Kachroo, and P. Kachroo (2007)
PNAS 104, 7277-7282
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Visualization of dynamics of plant-pathogen interaction by novel combination of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging and statistical analysis: differential effects of virulent and avirulent strains of P. syringae and of oxylipins on A. thaliana.
S. Berger, Z. Benediktyova, K. Matous, K. Bonfig, M. J. Mueller, L. Nedbal, and T. Roitsch (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 797-806
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Thioredoxin h5 Is Required for Victorin Sensitivity Mediated by a CC-NBS-LRR Gene in Arabidopsis.
T. A. Sweat and T. J. Wolpert (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 673-687
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
PathoPlant(R): a platform for microarray expression data to analyze co-regulated genes involved in plant defense responses.
L. Bulow, M. Schindler, and R. Hehl (2007)
Nucleic Acids Res. 35, D841-D845
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
SIZ1 Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier E3 Ligase Facilitates Basal Thermotolerance in Arabidopsis Independent of Salicylic Acid.
C. Y. Yoo, K. Miura, J. B. Jin, J. Lee, H. C. Park, D. E. Salt, D.-J. Yun, R. A. Bressan, and P. M. Hasegawa (2006)
Plant Physiology 142, 1548-1558
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Contribution of Ethylene Biosynthesis for Resistance to Blast Fungus Infection in Young Rice Plants.
T. Iwai, A. Miyasaka, S. Seo, and Y. Ohashi (2006)
Plant Physiology 142, 1202-1215
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Isolation of a novel ABC-transporter gene from soybean induced by salicylic acid.
H. Eichhorn, M. Klinghammer, P. Becht, and R. Tenhaken (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 2193-2201
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rapid Accumulation of Trihydroxy Oxylipins and Resistance to the Bean Rust Pathogen Uromyces fabae Following Wounding in Vicia faba.
D. R. WALTERS, T. COWLEY, and H. WEBER (2006)
Ann. Bot. 97, 779-784
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
S-Nitrosylation: an emerging redox-based post-translational modification in plants.
Y. Wang, B.-W. Yun, E. Kwon, J. K. Hong, J. Yoon, and G. J Loake (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 1777-1784
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Physical and Functional Interactions between Pathogen-Induced Arabidopsis WRKY18, WRKY40, and WRKY60 Transcription Factors.
X. Xu, C. Chen, B. Fan, and Z. Chen (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 1310-1326
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptomics and functional genomics of plant defence induction by phloem-feeding insects.
G. A. Thompson and F. L. Goggin (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 755-766
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ozone-induced Expression of the Arabidopsis FAD7 Gene Requires Salicylic Acid, but not NPR1 and SID2.
T. Yaeno, B. Saito, T. Katsuki, and K. Iba (2006)
Plant Cell Physiol. 47, 355-362
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
NO way to live; the various roles of nitric oxide in plant-pathogen interactions.
L. A. J. Mur, T. L. W. Carver, and E. Prats (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 489-505
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Membrane-Anchored BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 Plays Distinct Roles in Arabidopsis Resistance to Necrotrophic and Biotrophic Pathogens.
P. Veronese, H. Nakagami, B. Bluhm, S. AbuQamar, X. Chen, J. Salmeron, R. A. Dietrich, H. Hirt, and T. Mengiste (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 257-273
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Outcomes of Concentration-Specific Interactions between Salicylate and Jasmonate Signaling Include Synergy, Antagonism, and Oxidative Stress Leading to Cell Death.
L. A.J. Mur, P. Kenton, R. Atzorn, O. Miersch, and C. Wasternack (2006)
Plant Physiology 140, 249-262
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Defense and Resistance-inducing Activities in Tobacco of the Sulfated {beta}-1,3 glucan PS3 and its Synergistic Activities with the Unsulfated Molecule.
R. Menard, P. de Ruffray, B. Fritig, J.-C. Yvin, and S. Kauffmann (2005)
Plant Cell Physiol. 46, 1964-1972
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pathogen-Responsive Expression of Glycosyltransferase Genes UGT73B3 and UGT73B5 Is Necessary for Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato in Arabidopsis.
M. Langlois-Meurinne, C. M.M. Gachon, and P. Saindrenan (2005)
Plant Physiology 139, 1890-1901
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Salicylic Acid and Fatty Acid Desaturation Pathways in ssi2-Mediated Signaling.
P. Kachroo, S. C. Venugopal, D. A. Navarre, L. Lapchyk, and A. Kachroo (2005)
Plant Physiology 139, 1717-1735
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stress responses to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Arabidopsis include growth inhibition and hypersensitive response-like symptoms.
M. Alkio, T. M. Tabuchi, X. Wang, and A. Colon-Carmona (2005)
J. Exp. Bot. 56, 2983-2994
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Down Regulation of Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Salicylic Acid Attenuates Its Virulence on Arabidopsis thaliana and Caenorhabditis elegans.
B. Prithiviraj, H. P. Bais, T. Weir, B. Suresh, E. H. Najarro, B. V. Dayakar, H. P. Schweizer, and J. M. Vivanco (2005)
Infect. Immun. 73, 5319-5328
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Enhancing Arabidopsis Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance by Chemical Priming for Its Abscisic Acid Responses.
G. Jakab, J. Ton, V. Flors, L. Zimmerli, J.-P. Metraux, and B. Mauch-Mani (2005)
Plant Physiology 139, 267-274
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An Arabidopsis Homeodomain Transcription Factor, OVEREXPRESSOR OF CATIONIC PEROXIDASE 3, Mediates Resistance to Infection by Necrotrophic Pathogens.
A. Coego, V. Ramirez, M. J. Gil, V. Flors, B. Mauch-Mani, and P. Vera (2005)
PLANT CELL 17, 2123-2137
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Role of Salicylic Acid in the Induction of Cell Death in Arabidopsis acd11.
P. Brodersen, F. G. Malinovsky, K. Hematy, M.-A. Newman, and J. Mundy (2005)
Plant Physiology 138, 1037-1045
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Major Signaling Pathways Modulate Arabidopsis Glucosinolate Accumulation and Response to Both Phloem-Feeding and Chewing Insects.
I. Mewis, H. M. Appel, A. Hom, R. Raina, and J. C. Schultz (2005)
Plant Physiology 138, 1149-1162
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Salicylic Acid-Dependent Expression of Host Genes in Compatible Arabidopsis-Virus Interactions.
Z. Huang, J. M. Yeakley, E. W. Garcia, J. D. Holdridge, J.-B. Fan, and S. A. Whitham (2005)
Plant Physiology 137, 1147-1159
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structural and biochemical studies identify tobacco SABP2 as a methyl salicylate esterase and implicate it in plant innate immunity.
F. Forouhar, Y. Yang, D. Kumar, Y. Chen, E. Fridman, S. W. Park, Y. Chiang, T. B. Acton, G. T. Montelione, E. Pichersky, et al. (2005)
PNAS 102, 1773-1778
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pseudomonas syringae manipulates systemic plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores.
J. Cui, A. K. Bahrami, E. G. Pringle, G. Hernandez-Guzman, C. L. Bender, N. E. Pierce, and F. M. Ausubel (2005)
PNAS 102, 1791-1796
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Loss and Gain of Elicitor Function of Soybean Mosaic Virus G7 Provoking Rsv1-Mediated Lethal Systemic Hypersensitive Response Maps to P3.
M. R. Hajimorad, A. L. Eggenberger, and J. H. Hill (2005)
J. Virol. 79, 1215-1222
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
{beta}-1,3 Glucan Sulfate, but Not {beta}-1,3 Glucan, Induces the Salicylic Acid Signaling Pathway in Tobacco and Arabidopsis.
R. Menard, S. Alban, P. de Ruffray, F. Jamois, G. Franz, B. Fritig, J.-C. Yvin, and S. Kauffmann (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, 3020-3032
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Downstream Divergence of the Ethylene Signaling Pathway for Harpin-Stimulated Arabidopsis Growth and Insect Defense.
H.-P. Dong, J. Peng, Z. Bao, X. Meng, J. M. Bonasera, G. Chen, S. V. Beer, and H. Dong (2004)
Plant Physiology 136, 3628-3638
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ectopic Expression of a UDP-Glucose:phenylpropanoid Glucosyltransferase Leads to Increased Resistance of Transgenic Tobacco Plants Against Infection with Potato Virus Y.
A. Matros and H.-P. Mock (2004)
Plant Cell Physiol. 45, 1185-1193
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the Arabidopsis Lysine-Rich Arabinogalactan-Protein AtAGP17 Mutant (rat1) That Results in a Decreased Efficiency of Agrobacterium Transformation.
Y. M. Gaspar, J. Nam, C. J. Schultz, L.-Y. Lee, P. R. Gilson, S. B. Gelvin, and A. Bacic (2004)
Plant Physiology 135, 2162-2171
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A family of conserved bacterial effectors inhibits salicylic acid-mediated basal immunity and promotes disease necrosis in plants.
S. DebRoy, R. Thilmony, Y.-B. Kwack, K. Nomura, and S. Y. He (2004)
PNAS 101, 9927-9932
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Antagonistic Interactions between the SA and JA Signaling Pathways in Arabidopsis Modulate Expression of Defense Genes and Gene-for-Gene Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus.
H. Takahashi, Y. Kanayama, M. S. Zheng, T. Kusano, S. Hase, M. Ikegami, and J. Shah (2004)
Plant Cell Physiol. 45, 803-809
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Salicylate Accumulation Inhibits Growth at Chilling Temperature in Arabidopsis.
I. M. Scott, S. M. Clarke, J. E. Wood, and L. A.J. Mur (2004)
Plant Physiology 135, 1040-1049
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gene Expression Signatures from Three Genetically Separable Resistance Gene Signaling Pathways for Downy Mildew Resistance.
T. Eulgem, V. J. Weigman, H.-S. Chang, J. M. McDowell, E. B. Holub, J. Glazebrook, T. Zhu, and J. L. Dangl (2004)
Plant Physiology 135, 1129-1144
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gene-Specific Involvement of {beta}-Oxidation in Wound-Activated Responses in Arabidopsis.
M. C. Castillo, C. Martinez, A. Buchala, J.-P. Metraux, and J. Leon (2004)
Plant Physiology 135, 85-94
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Arabidopsis thaliana Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate Reductase Gene SUPPRESSOR OF FATTY ACID DESATURASE DEFICIENCY1 Is Required for Glycerolipid Metabolism and for the Activation of Systemic Acquired Resistance.
A. Nandi, R. Welti, and J. Shah (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, 465-477
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Coordinated Regulation of Genes for Secretion in Tobacco at Late Developmental Stages: Association with Resistance against Oomycetes.
K. Hugot, M.-P. Riviere, C. Moreilhon, M. A. Dayem, J. Cozzitorto, G. Arbiol, P. Barbry, C. Weiss, and E. Galiana (2004)
Plant Physiology 134, 858-870
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dissection of Arabidopsis Bax Inhibitor-1 Suppressing Bax-, Hydrogen Peroxide-, and Salicylic Acid-Induced Cell Death.
M. Kawai-Yamada, Y. Ohori, and H. Uchimiya (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, 21-32
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plastidial Fatty Acid Signaling Modulates Salicylic Acid- and Jasmonic Acid-Mediated Defense Pathways in the Arabidopsis ssi2 Mutant.
A. Kachroo, L. Lapchyk, H. Fukushige, D. Hildebrand, D. Klessig, and P. Kachroo (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 2952-2965
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Hormones Act Sequentially to Mediate a Susceptible Tomato Pathogen Defense Response.
P. J. O'Donnell, E. Schmelz, A. Block, O. Miersch, C. Wasternack, J. B. Jones, and H. J. Klee (2003)
Plant Physiology 133, 1181-1189
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis sfd Mutants Affect Plastidic Lipid Composition and Suppress Dwarfing, Cell Death, and the Enhanced Disease Resistance Phenotypes Resulting from the Deficiency of a Fatty Acid Desaturase.
A. Nandi, K. Krothapalli, C. M. Buseman, M. Li, R. Welti, A. Enyedi, and J. Shah (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 2383-2398
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ACD6, a Novel Ankyrin Protein, Is a Regulator and an Effector of Salicylic Acid Signaling in the Arabidopsis Defense Response.
H. Lu, D. N. Rate, J. T. Song, and J. T. Greenberg (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 2408-2420
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Local Context Finder (LCF) reveals multidimensional relationships among mRNA expression profiles of Arabidopsis responding to pathogen infection.
F. Katagiri and J. Glazebrook (2003)
PNAS 100, 10842-10847
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Arabidopsis NPR1 Disease Resistance Protein Is a Novel Cofactor That Confers Redox Regulation of DNA Binding Activity to the Basic Domain/Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor TGA1.
C. Despres, C. Chubak, A. Rochon, R. Clark, T. Bethune, D. Desveaux, and P. R. Fobert (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 2181-2191
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Characterization of a Novel Lipase-Like Pathogen-Inducible Gene Family of Arabidopsis.
G. Jakab, A. Manrique, L. Zimmerli, J.-P. Metraux, and B. Mauch-Mani (2003)
Plant Physiology 132, 2230-2239
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Pseudomonas syringae type III effector suppresses cell wall-based extracellular defense in susceptible Arabidopsis plants.
P. Hauck, R. Thilmony, and S. Y. He (2003)
PNAS 100, 8577-8582
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the Early Response of Arabidopsis to Alternaria brassicicola Infection Using Expression Profiling.
S. C.M. van Wees, H.-S. Chang, T. Zhu, and J. Glazebrook (2003)
Plant Physiology 132, 606-617
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Expression of the t-SNARE AtSNAP33 Is Induced by Pathogens and Mechanical Stimulation.
P. Wick, X. Gansel, C. Oulevey, V. Page, I. Studer, M. Durst, and L. Sticher (2003)
Plant Physiology 132, 343-351
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The cDNA Microarray Analysis Using an Arabidopsis pad3 Mutant Reveals the Expression Profiles and Classification of Genes Induced by Alternaria brassicicola Attack.
Y. Narusaka, M. Narusaka, M. Seki, J. Ishida, M. Nakashima, A. Kamiya, A. Enju, T. Sakurai, M. Satoh, M. Kobayashi, et al. (2003)
Plant Cell Physiol. 44, 377-387
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
NPR1 Modulates Cross-Talk between Salicylate- and Jasmonate-Dependent Defense Pathways through a Novel Function in the Cytosol.
S. H. Spoel, A. Koornneef, S. M. C. Claessens, J. P. Korzelius, J. A. Van Pelt, M. J. Mueller, A. J. Buchala, J.-P. Metraux, R. Brown, K. Kazan, et al. (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 760-770
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Quantitative Nature of Arabidopsis Responses during Compatible and Incompatible Interactions with the Bacterial Pathogen Pseudomonas syringae.
Y. Tao, Z. Xie, W. Chen, J. Glazebrook, H.-S. Chang, B. Han, T. Zhu, G. Zou, and F. Katagiri (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 317-330
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tandemly Duplicated Arabidopsis Genes That Encode Polygalacturonase-Inhibiting Proteins Are Regulated Coordinately by Different Signal Transduction Pathways in Response to Fungal Infection.
S. Ferrari, D. Vairo, F. M. Ausubel, F. Cervone, and G. De Lorenzo (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 93-106
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of CYP79 Genes and Glucosinolate Profiles in Arabidopsis by Defense Signaling Pathways.
M. D. Mikkelsen, B. L. Petersen, E. Glawischnig, A. B. Jensen, E. Andreasson, and B. A. Halkier (2003)
Plant Physiology 131, 298-308
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Gain-of-Function Mutation in an Arabidopsis Toll Interleukin1 Receptor-Nucleotide Binding Site-Leucine-Rich Repeat Type R Gene Triggers Defense Responses and Results in Enhanced Disease Resistance.
Y. Shirano, P. Kachroo, J. Shah, and D. F. Klessig (2002)
PLANT CELL 14, 3149-3162
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Novel N Gene-Associated, Temperature-Independent Resistance to the Movement of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Vectors Neutralized by a Cucumber Mosaic Virus RNA1 Transgene.
T. Canto and P. Palukaitis (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 12908-12916
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel Nucleus-Targeted Protein Is Expressed in Barley Leaves during Senescence and Pathogen Infection.
K. Krupinska, K. Haussuhl, A. Schafer, T. A.W. van der Kooij, G. Leckband, H. Lorz, and J. Falk (2002)
Plant Physiology 130, 1172-1180
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The as-1 Promoter Element Is an Oxidative Stress-Responsive Element and Salicylic Acid Activates It via Oxidative Species.
V. Garreton, J. Carpinelli, X. Jordana, and L. Holuigue (2002)
Plant Physiology 130, 1516-1526
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The tobacco salicylic acid-binding protein 3 (SABP3) is the chloroplast carbonic anhydrase, which exhibits antioxidant activity and plays a role in the hypersensitive defense response.
D. H. Slaymaker, D. A. Navarre, D. Clark, O. del Pozo, G. B. Martin, and D. F. Klessig (2002)
PNAS 99, 11640-11645
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Strobilurin Fungicide Enhances the Resistance of Tobacco against Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Pseudomonas syringae pv tabaci.
S. Herms, K. Seehaus, H. Koehle, and U. Conrath (2002)
Plant Physiology 130, 120-127
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Induced parasitoid attraction by Arabidopsis thaliana: involvement of the octadecanoid and the salicylic acid pathway.
R. M. P. van Poecke and M. Dicke (2002)
J. Exp. Bot. 53, 1793-1799
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chloroisonicotinamide Derivative Induces a Broad Range of Disease Resistance in Rice and Tobacco.
H. Nakashita, M. Yasuda, M. Nishioka, S. Hasegawa, Y. Arai, M. Uramoto, S. Yoshida, and I. Yamaguchi (2002)
Plant Cell Physiol. 43, 823-831
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis SON1 Is an F-Box Protein That Regulates a Novel Induced Defense Response Independent of Both Salicylic Acid and Systemic Acquired Resistance.
H. S. Kim and T. P. Delaney (2002)
PLANT CELL 14, 1469-1482
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Salicylic Acid and NIM1/NPR1 in Race-Specific Resistance in Arabidopsis.
G. J. Rairdan and T. P. Delaney (2002)
Genetics 161, 803-811
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Signals Involved in Arabidopsis Resistance to Trichoplusia ni Caterpillars Induced by Virulent and Avirulent Strains of the Phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae.
J. Cui, G. Jander, L. R. Racki, P. D. Kim, N. E. Pierce, and F. M. Ausubel (2002)
Plant Physiology 129, 551-564
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) Against Pathogens in the Context of Induced Plant Defences.
M. HEIL and R. M. BOSTOCK (2002)
Ann. Bot. 89, 503-512
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Downregulation of a Pathogen-Responsive Tobacco UDP-Glc:Phenylpropanoid Glucosyltransferase Reduces Scopoletin Glucoside Accumulation, Enhances Oxidative Stress, and Weakens Virus Resistance.
J. Chong, R. Baltz, C. Schmitt, R. Beffa, B. Fritig, and P. Saindrenan (2002)
PLANT CELL 14, 1093-1107
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Expression Profile Matrix of Arabidopsis Transcription Factor Genes Suggests Their Putative Functions in Response to Environmental Stresses.
W. Chen, N. J. Provart, J. Glazebrook, F. Katagiri, H.-S. Chang, T. Eulgem, F. Mauch, S. Luan, G. Zou, S. A. Whitham, et al. (2002)
PLANT CELL 14, 559-574
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Knockout of Arabidopsis ACCELERATED-CELL-DEATH11 encoding a sphingosine transfer protein causes activation of programmed cell death and defense.
P. Brodersen, M. Petersen, H. M. Pike, B. Olszak, S. Skov, N. Odum, L. B. Jorgensen, R. E. Brown, and J. Mundy (2002)
Genes & Dev. 16, 490-502
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Protection against Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Damage in Arabidopsis Involves Calcium, Abscisic Acid, Ethylene, and Salicylic Acid.
J. Larkindale and M. R. Knight (2002)
Plant Physiology 128, 682-695
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Epigenetic variation in Arabidopsis disease resistance.
T. L. Stokes, B. N. Kunkel, and E. J. Richards (2002)
Genes & Dev. 16, 171-182
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
EDS5, an Essential Component of Salicylic Acid-Dependent Signaling for Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis, Is a Member of the MATE Transporter Family.
C. Nawrath, S. Heck, N. Parinthawong, and J.-P. Metraux (2002)
PLANT CELL 14, 275-286
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Involvement of Superoxide Generation in Salicylic Acid-Induced Stomatal Closure in Vicia faba.
I. C. Mori, R. Pinontoan, T. Kawano, and S. Muto (2001)
Plant Cell Physiol. 42, 1383-1388
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)