Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.


Science 11 November 1994:
Vol. 266. no. 5187, pp. 1035 - 1039
DOI: 10.1126/science.7973656

Articles

Science, Vol 266, Issue 5187, 1035-1039
Copyright © 1994 by American Association for the Advancement of Science


articles

Identification of two GTP-binding proteins in the chloroplast protein import machinery

F Kessler, G Blobel, HA Patel, and DJ Schnell

Laboratory of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021.

Two of four proteins that associated with translocation intermediates during protein import across the outer chloroplast envelope membrane were identified as guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins. Both proteins are integral membrane proteins of the outer chloroplast membrane, and both are partially exposed on the chloroplast surface where they were accessible to thermolysin digestion. Engagement of the outer membrane's import machinery by an import substrate was inhibited by slowly hydrolyzable or non-hydrolyzable GTP analogs. Thus, these GTP-binding proteins may function in protein import into chloroplasts.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Preprotein Import into Chloroplasts via the Toc and Tic Complexes Is Regulated by Redox Signals in Pisum sativum.
A. Stengel, J. P. Benz, B. B. Buchanan, J. Soll, and B. Bolter (2009)
Mol Plant 2, 1181-1197
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Coordination of Plastid Protein Import and Nuclear Gene Expression by Plastid-to-Nucleus Retrograde Signaling.
T. Kakizaki, H. Matsumura, K. Nakayama, F.-S. Che, R. Terauchi, and T. Inaba (2009)
Plant Physiology 151, 1339-1353
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Temperature Stress on Chloroplast Biogenesis and Protein Import in Pea.
S. Dutta, S. Mohanty, and B. C. Tripathy (2009)
Plant Physiology 150, 1050-1061
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Toc159 Import Receptor Mutant, Defective in Hydrolysis of GTP, Supports Preprotein Import into Chloroplasts.
B. Agne, S. Infanger, F. Wang, V. Hofstetter, G. Rahim, M. Martin, D. W. Lee, I. Hwang, D. Schnell, and F. Kessler (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 8670-8679
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis Tic40 Expression in Tobacco Chloroplasts Results in Massive Proliferation of the Inner Envelope Membrane and Upregulation of Associated Proteins.
N. D. Singh, M. Li, S.-B. Lee, D. Schnell, and H. Daniell (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 3405-3417
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The role of GTP binding and hydrolysis at the atToc159 preprotein receptor during protein import into chloroplasts.
F. Wang, B. Agne, F. Kessler, and D. J. Schnell (2008)
J. Cell Biol. 183, 87-99
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Pentapeptide Motif Related to a Pigment Binding Site in the Major Light-Harvesting Protein of Photosystem II, LHCII, Governs Substrate-Dependent Plastid Import of NADPH:Protochlorophyllide Oxidoreductase A.
C. Reinbothe, S. Pollmann, P. Phetsarath-Faure, F. Quigley, P. Weisbeek, and S. Reinbothe (2008)
Plant Physiology 148, 694-703
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
On the Significance of Toc-GTPase Homodimers.
P. Koenig, M. Oreb, K. Rippe, C. Muhle-Goll, I. Sinning, E. Schleiff, and I. Tews (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 23104-23112
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Three Sets of Translocation Intermediates Are Formed during the Early Stage of Protein Import into Chloroplasts.
H. Inoue and M. Akita (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 7491-7502
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Toc159- and Toc75-independent Import of a Transit Sequence-less Precursor into the Inner Envelope of Chloroplasts.
S. Miras, D. Salvi, L. Piette, D. Seigneurin-Berny, D. Grunwald, C. Reinbothe, J. Joyard, S. Reinbothe, and N. Rolland (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 29482-29492
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dimerization Is Important for the GTPase Activity of Chloroplast Translocon Components atToc33 and psToc159.
Y.-H. Yeh, M. M. Kesavulu, H.-m. Li, S.-Z. Wu, Y.-J. Sun, E. H. E. Konozy, and C.-D. Hsiao (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 13845-13853
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the Preprotein Translocon at the Outer Envelope Membrane of Chloroplasts by Blue Native PAGE.
S. Kikuchi, T. Hirohashi, and M. Nakai (2006)
Plant Cell Physiol. 47, 363-371
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Recognition and envelope translocation of chloroplast preproteins.
J. Bedard and P. Jarvis (2005)
J. Exp. Bot. 56, 2287-2320
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Molecular-Genetic Study of the Arabidopsis Toc75 Gene Family.
A. Baldwin, A. Wardle, R. Patel, P. Dudley, S. K. Park, D. Twell, K. Inoue, and P. Jarvis (2005)
Plant Physiology 138, 715-733
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Toc12, a Novel Subunit of the Intermembrane Space Preprotein Translocon of Chloroplasts.
T. Becker, J. Hritz, M. Vogel, A. Caliebe, B. Bukau, J. Soll, and E. Schleiff (2004)
Mol. Biol. Cell 15, 5130-5144
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inner envelope protein 32 is imported into chloroplasts by a novel pathway.
A. Nada and J. Soll (2004)
J. Cell Sci. 117, 3975-3982
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tic32, an Essential Component in Chloroplast Biogenesis.
F. Hormann, M. Kuchler, D. Sveshnikov, U. Oppermann, Y. Li, and J. Soll (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 34756-34762
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Import Pathways of Chloroplast Interior Proteins and the Outer-Membrane Protein OEP14 Converge at Toc75.
S.-L. Tu, L.-J. Chen, M. D. Smith, Y.-s. Su, D. J. Schnell, and H.-m. Li (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, 2078-2088
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Specialization amongst the Arabidopsis Toc159 Family of Chloroplast Protein Import Receptors.
S. Kubis, R. Patel, J. Combe, J. Bedard, S. Kovacheva, K. Lilley, A. Biehl, D. Leister, G. Rios, C. Koncz, et al. (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, 2059-2077
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of Arabidopsis Glutamine Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate Amidotransferase-Deficient Mutants.
W.-F. Hung, L.-J. Chen, R. Boldt, C.-W. Sun, and H.-m. Li (2004)
Plant Physiology 135, 1314-1323
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Members of the Toc159 Import Receptor Family Represent Distinct Pathways for Protein Targeting to Plastids.
Y. Ivanova, M. D. Smith, K. Chen, and D. J. Schnell (2004)
Mol. Biol. Cell 15, 3379-3392
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Protein Translocon of the Plastid Envelopes.
A. Vojta, M. Alavi, T. Becker, F. Hormann, M. Kuchler, J. Soll, R. Thomson, and E. Schleiff (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 21401-21405
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Roles of Toc34 and Toc75 in Targeting the Toc159 Preprotein Receptor to Chloroplasts.
T. R. Wallas, M. D. Smith, S. Sanchez-Nieto, and D. J. Schnell (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 44289-44297
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
atTic110 Functions as a Scaffold for Coordinating the Stromal Events of Protein Import into Chloroplasts.
T. Inaba, M. Li, M. Alvarez-Huerta, F. Kessler, and D. J. Schnell (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 38617-38627
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dimerization of Toc-GTPases at the Chloroplast Protein Import Machinery.
P. Weibel, A. Hiltbrunner, L. Brand, and F. Kessler (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 37321-37329
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The M Domain of atToc159 Plays an Essential Role in the Import of Proteins into Chloroplasts and Chloroplast Biogenesis.
K. H. Lee, S. J. Kim, Y. J. Lee, J. B. Jin, and I. Hwang (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 36794-36805
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Arabidopsis ppi1 Mutant Is Specifically Defective in the Expression, Chloroplast Import, and Accumulation of Photosynthetic Proteins.
S. Kubis, A. Baldwin, R. Patel, A. Razzaq, P. Dupree, K. Lilley, J. Kurth, D. Leister, and P. Jarvis (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 1859-1871
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A GTP-driven motor moves proteins across the outer envelope of chloroplasts.
E. Schleiff, M. Jelic, and J. Soll (2003)
PNAS 100, 4604-4609
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Membrane insertion of the chloroplast outer envelope protein, Toc34: constrains for insertion and topology.
S. Qbadou, R. Tien, J. Soll, and E. Schleiff (2003)
J. Cell Sci. 116, 837-846
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the translocon of the outer envelope of chloroplasts.
E. Schleiff, J. Soll, M. Kuchler, W. Kuhlbrandt, and R. Harrer (2003)
J. Cell Biol. 160, 541-551
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Essential role of the G-domain in targeting of the protein import receptor atToc159 to the chloroplast outer membrane.
J. Bauer, A. Hiltbrunner, P. Weibel, P.-A. Vidi, M. Alvarez-Huerta, M. D. Smith, D. J. Schnell, and F. Kessler (2002)
J. Cell Biol. 159, 845-854
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The targeting of the atToc159 preprotein receptor to the chloroplast outer membrane is mediated by its GTPase domain and is regulated by GTP.
M. D. Smith, A. Hiltbrunner, F. Kessler, and D. J. Schnell (2002)
J. Cell Biol. 159, 833-843
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Chloroplast Protein Import Receptors Toc34 and Toc159 Are Phosphorylated by Distinct Protein Kinases.
H. Fulgosi and J. Soll (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 8934-8940
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Lipid Composition of Outer Leaflet of Chloroplast Outer Envelope Determines Topology of OEP7.
E. Schleiff, R. Tien, M. Salomon, and J. Soll (2001)
Mol. Biol. Cell 12, 4090-4102
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chloroplast Protein Translocon Components atToc159 and atToc33 Are Not Essential for Chloroplast Biogenesis in Guard Cells and Root Cells.
T.-S. Yu and H.-m. Li (2001)
Plant Physiology 127, 90-96
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Targeting of an abundant cytosolic form of the protein import receptor at Toc159 to the outer chloroplast membrane.
A. Hiltbrunner, J. Bauer, P.-A. Vidi, S. Infanger, P. Weibel, M. Hohwy, and F. Kessler (2001)
J. Cell Biol. 154, 309-316
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis Genes Encoding Components of the Chloroplastic Protein Import Apparatus.
D. Jackson-Constan and K. Keegstra (2001)
Plant Physiology 125, 1567-1576
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Maize Non-Photosynthetic Ferredoxin Precursor Is Mis-Sorted to the Intermembrane Space of Chloroplasts in the Presence of Light.
T. Hirohashi, T. Hase, and M. Nakai (2001)
Plant Physiology 125, 2154-2163
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Chloroplast precursor proteins compete to form early import intermediates in isolated pea chloroplasts.
P. E. Row and J. C. Gray (2001)
J. Exp. Bot. 52, 47-56
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The effect of amino acid-modifying reagents on chloroplast protein import and the formation of early import intermediates.
P. E. Row and J. C. Gray (2001)
J. Exp. Bot. 52, 57-66
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Insertion of OEP14 into the Outer Envelope Membrane Is Mediated by Proteinaceous Components of Chloroplasts.
S.-L. Tu and H.-m. Li (2000)
PLANT CELL 12, 1951-1960
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Identification of a Hsp70 Recognition Domain within the Rubisco Small Subunit Transit Peptide.
R. A. Ivey III, C. Subramanian, and B. D. Bruce (2000)
Plant Physiology 122, 1289-1300
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Transit Sequence of Ferredoxin Contains Different Domains for Translocation across the Outer and Inner Membrane of the Chloroplast Envelope.
W. A. Rensink, D. J. Schnell, and P. J. Weisbeek (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 10265-10271
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Toc64, a New Component of the Protein Translocon of Chloroplasts.
K. Sohrt and J. Soll (2000)
J. Cell Biol. 148, 1213-1222
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Initial Binding of Preproteins Involving the Toc159 Receptor Can Be Bypassed during Protein Import into Chloroplasts.
K. Chen, X. Chen, and D. J. Schnell (2000)
Plant Physiology 122, 813-822
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tic40, a New "Old" Subunit of the Chloroplast Protein Import Translocon.
T. Stahl, C. Glockmann, J. Soll, and L. Heins (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 37467-37472
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Immune-Associated Nucleotide-1 (IAN-1) Is a Thymic Selection Marker and Defines a Novel Gene Family Conserved in Plants.
G. M. C. Poirier, G. Anderson, A. Huvar, P. C. Wagaman, J. Shuttleworth, E. Jenkinson, M. R. Jackson, P. A. Peterson, and M. G. Erlander (1999)
J. Immunol. 163, 4960-4969
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
GTP Promotes the Formation of Early-Import Intermediates But Is Not Required during the Translocation Step of Protein Import into Chloroplasts.
M. E. Young, K. Keegstra, and J. E. Froehlich (1999)
Plant Physiology 121, 237-244
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Insertion of atToc34 into the Chloroplastic Outer Membrane Is Assisted by at Least Two Proteinaceous Components in the Import System.
L.-Y. Tsai, S.-L. Tu, and H.-m. Li (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 18735-18740
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Protein Import and Routing Systems of Chloroplasts.
K. Keegstra and K. Cline (1999)
PLANT CELL 11, 557-570
   Full Text »
The evolutionary origin of the protein-translocating channel of chloroplastic envelope membranes: Identification of a cyanobacterial homolog.
S. Reumann, J. Davila-Aponte, and K. Keegstra (1999)
PNAS 96, 784-789
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Origin of a chloroplast protein importer.
B. Bolter, J. Soll, A. Schulz, S. Hinnah, and R. Wagner (1998)
PNAS 95, 15831-15836
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tic20 and Tic22 Are New Components of the Protein Import Apparatus at the Chloroplast Inner Envelope Membrane.
A. Kouranov, X. Chen, B. Fuks, and D. J. Schnell (1998)
J. Cell Biol. 143, 991-1002
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An Arabidopsis Mutant Defective in the Plastid General Protein Import Apparatus.
P. Jarvis, L. Chen, H. Li, C. A. Peto, C. Fankhauser, and J. Chory (1998)
Science 282, 100-103
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Domains of a Transit Sequence Required for in Vivo Import in Arabidopsis Chloroplasts.
W. Albert Rensink, M. Pilon, and P. Weisbeek (1998)
Plant Physiology 118, 691-699
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Ribosome Binding to Mitochondria Is Regulated by GTP and the Transit Peptide.
K. S. Crowley and R. M. Payne (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 17278-17285
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Hydrophilic Domain of Tic110, an Inner Envelope Membrane Component of the Chloroplastic Protein Translocation Apparatus, Faces the Stromal Compartment.
D. T. Jackson, J. E. Froehlich, and K. Keegstra (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 16583-16588
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Positive Charges Determine the Topology and Functionality of the Transmembrane Domain in the Chloroplastic Outer Envelope Protein Toc34.
T. May and J. Soll (1998)
J. Cell Biol. 141, 895-904
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
GTP Hydrolysis Is Essential for Protein Import into the Mitochondrial Matrix.
N. B. V. Sepuri, N. Schulke, and D. Pain (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 1420-1424
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nucleotide Triphosphates Are Required for the Transport of Glycolate Oxidase into Peroxisomes.
D. G. Brickner and L. J. Olsen (1998)
Plant Physiology 116, 309-317
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Analysis of the Interactions of Preproteins with the Import Machinery over the Course of Protein Import into Chloroplasts.
A. Kouranov and D. J. Schnell (1997)
J. Cell Biol. 139, 1677-1685
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Isolation and characterization of an amino acid-selective channel protein present in the chloroplastic outer envelope membrane.
K. Pohlmeyer, J. Soll, T. Steinkamp, S. Hinnah, and R. Wagner (1997)
PNAS 94, 9504-9509
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Alterations in the Chlamydomonas Plastocyanin Transit Peptide Have Distinct Effects on in Vitro Import and in Vivo Protein Accumulation.
S. D. Lawrence and K. L. Kindle (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 20357-20363
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel Chloroplastic Outer Membrane-targeting Signal That Functions at Both Termini of Passenger Polypeptides.
H.-m. Li and L.-J. Chen (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 10968-10974
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a Translocation Intermediate Occupying Functional Protein Import Sites in the Chloroplastic Envelope Membrane.
J. E. Froehlich and K. Keegstra (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 8077-8082
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of Protein Transport Complexes in the Chloroplastic Envelope Membranes via Chemical Cross-Linking.
M. Akita, E. Nielsen, and K. Keegstra (1997)
J. Cell Biol. 136, 983-994
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Insertion of the 34-kDa Chloroplast Protein Import Component, IAP34, into the Chloroplast Outer Membrane Is Dependent on Its Intrinsic GTP-binding Capacity.
D. Chen and D. J. Schnell (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 6614-6620
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Early Stage of Chloroplast Protein Import Involves Com70.
L. Kourtz and K. Ko (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 2808-2813
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
In Vitro Interaction between a Chloroplast Transit Peptide and Chloroplast Outer Envelope Lipids Is Sequence-specific and Lipid Class-dependent.
P. Pinnaduwage and B. D. Bruce (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 32907-32915
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Protein Translocation at the Envelope and Thylakoid Membranes of Chloroplasts.
A. Kouranov and D. J. Schnell (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 31009-31012
   Full Text »    PDF »
Ricin A Chain Fused to a Chloroplast-targeting Signal Is Unfolded on the Chloroplast Surface Prior to Import across the Envelope Membranes.
D. Walker, A. M. Chaddock, J. A. Chaddock, L. M. Roberts, J. M. Lord, and C. Robinson (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 4082-4085
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Isolation and Characterization of a cDNA Clone Encoding a Member of the Com44/Cim44 Envelope Components of the Chloroplast Protein Import Apparatus.
K. Ko, D. Budd, C. Wu, F. Seibert, L. Kourtz, and Z. W. Ko (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 28601-28608
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the Import Process of a Transit Peptide into Chloroplasts.
R. van 't Hof and B. de Kruijff (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 22368-22373
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Unidirectional and Bidirectional Protein Traffic across Membranes.
G. Blobel (1995)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 60, 1-10
   Abstract »    PDF »
Molecular Dissection of the Mechanism of Protein Import into Chloroplasts.
F. Tian, Y. Ma, A. Kouranov, S.E. LaSala, and D.J. Schnell (1995)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 60, 629-636
   Abstract »    PDF »
Isolation of components of the chloroplast protein import machinery.
D. Schnell, F Kessler, and G Blobel (1994)
Science 266, 1007-1012
   Abstract »    PDF »
Toc34 is a preprotein receptor regulated by GTP and phosphorylation.
N. Sveshnikova, J. Soll, and E. Schleiff (2000)
PNAS 97, 4973-4978
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »



To Advertise     Find Products


Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)