Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 22 October 1993:
Vol. 262. no. 5133, pp. 566 - 569
DOI: 10.1126/science.8211183
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

Science, Vol 262, Issue 5133, 566-569
Copyright © 1993 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

A yeast protein similar to bacterial two-component regulators

IM Ota and A Varshavsky

Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.

Many bacterial signaling pathways involve a two-component design. In these pathways, a sensor kinase, when activated by a signal, phosphorylates its own histidine, which then serves as a phosphoryl donor to an aspartate in a response regulator protein. The Sln1 protein of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has sequence similarities to both the histidine kinase and the response regulator proteins of bacteria. A missense mutation in SLN1 is lethal in the absence but not in the presence of the N-end rule pathway, a ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic system. The finding of SLN1 demonstrates that a mode of signal transduction similar to the bacterial two-component design operates in eukaryotes as well.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
The Group III Two-Component Histidine Kinase of Filamentous Fungi Is Involved in the Fungicidal Activity of the Bacterial Polyketide Ambruticin.
A. Dongo, N. Bataille-Simoneau, C. Campion, T. Guillemette, B. Hamon, B. Iacomi-Vasilescu, L. Katz, and P. Simoneau (2009)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 75, 127-134
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Phosphorylated Ssk1 Prevents Unphosphorylated Ssk1 from Activating the Ssk2 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase in the Yeast High-Osmolarity Glycerol Osmoregulatory Pathway.
T. Horie, K. Tatebayashi, R. Yamada, and H. Saito (2008)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 5172-5183
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Two-Component Response Regulators Ssk1p and Skn7p Additively Regulate High-Osmolarity Adaptation and Fungicide Sensitivity in Cochliobolus heterostrophus.
K. Izumitsu, A. Yoshimi, and C. Tanaka (2007)
Eukaryot. Cell 6, 171-181
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Global control of dimorphism and virulence in fungi..
J. C. Nemecek, M. Wuthrich, and B. S. Klein (2006)
Science 312, 583-588
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Methylglyoxal as a Signal Initiator for Activation of the Stress-activated Protein Kinase Cascade in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Y. Takatsume, S. Izawa, and Y. Inoue (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 9086-9092
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activation of the HOG Pathway upon Cold Stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae..
M. Hayashi and T. Maeda (2006)
J. Biochem. 139, 797-803
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Transcriptional Response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Pichia membranifaciens Killer Toxin.
A. Santos, M. del Mar Alvarez, M. S. Mauro, C. Abrusci, and D. Marquina (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 41881-41892
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Sho1 Adaptor Protein Links Oxidative Stress to Morphogenesis and Cell Wall Biosynthesis in the Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans.
E. Roman, C. Nombela, and J. Pla (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 10611-10627
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Group III Histidine Kinase Is a Positive Regulator of Hog1-Type Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Filamentous Fungi.
A. Yoshimi, K. Kojima, Y. Takano, and C. Tanaka (2005)
Eukaryot. Cell 4, 1820-1828
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell Wall Integrity Signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
D. E. Levin (2005)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 69, 262-291
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Autophosphorylation Activity of the Arabidopsis Ethylene Receptor Multigene Family.
P. Moussatche and H. J. Klee (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 48734-48741
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Histidine Phosphotransferase Ypd1p Shuttles between the Nucleus and Cytoplasm for SLN1-Dependent Phosphorylation of Ssk1p and Skn7p.
J. M.-Y. Lu, R. J. Deschenes, and J. S. Fassler (2003)
Eukaryot. Cell 2, 1304-1314
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Phosphorelay-Regulated Degradation of the Yeast Ssk1p Response Regulator by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System.
N. Sato, H. Kawahara, A. Toh-e, and T. Maeda (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 6662-6671
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sit4 Phosphatase Is Functionally Linked to the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System.
T. Singer, S. Haefner, M. Hoffmann, M. Fischer, J. Ilyina, and W. Hilt (2003)
Genetics 164, 1305-1321
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The transient receptor potential channel on the yeast vacuole is mechanosensitive.
X.-L. Zhou, A. F. Batiza, S. H. Loukin, C. P. Palmer, C. Kung, and Y. Saimi (2003)
PNAS 100, 7105-7110
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
MEK Kinase 2 and the Adaptor Protein Lad Regulate Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 5 Activation by Epidermal Growth Factor via Src.
W. Sun, X. Wei, K. Kesavan, T. P. Garrington, R. Fan, J. Mei, S. M. Anderson, E. W. Gelfand, and G. L. Johnson (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 2298-2308
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ssk1p Response Regulator Binding Surface on Histidine- Containing Phosphotransfer Protein Ypd1p.
S. W. Porter, Q. Xu, and A. H. West (2003)
Eukaryot. Cell 2, 27-33
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Yersinia Effector YopJ Inhibits Yeast MAPK Signaling Pathways by an Evolutionarily Conserved Mechanism.
S. Yoon, Z. Liu, Y. Eyobo, and K. Orth (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 2131-2135
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of Ptc2 Type 2C Ser/Thr Phosphatase in Yeast High-Osmolarity Glycerol Pathway Inactivation.
C. Young, J. Mapes, J. Hanneman, S. Al-Zarban, and I. Ota (2002)
Eukaryot. Cell 1, 1032-1040
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An Arabidopsis histidine kinase is essential for megagametogenesis.
M. S. Pischke, L. G. Jones, D. Otsuga, D. E. Fernandez, G. N. Drews, and M. R. Sussman (2002)
PNAS 99, 15800-15805
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Isolation and Functional Analysis of a Gene, tcsB, Encoding a Transmembrane Hybrid-Type Histidine Kinase from Aspergillus nidulans.
K. Furukawa, Y. Katsuno, T. Urao, T. Yabe, T. Yamada-Okabe, H. Yamada-Okabe, Y. Yamagata, K. Abe, and T. Nakajima (2002)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 68, 5304-5310
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Osmotic Stress Signaling and Osmoadaptation in Yeasts.
S. Hohmann (2002)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 66, 300-372
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Heat Stress Activates the Yeast High-Osmolarity Glycerol Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway, and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Are Essential under Heat Stress.
A. Winkler, C. Arkind, C. P. Mattison, A. Burkholder, K. Knoche, and I. Ota (2002)
Eukaryot. Cell 1, 163-173
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Altered Phosphotransfer in an Activated Mutant of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Two-Component Osmosensor Sln1p.
A. D. Ault, J. S. Fassler, and R. J. Deschenes (2002)
Eukaryot. Cell 1, 174-180
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Osmoregulation and Fungicide Resistance: the Neurospora crassa os-2 Gene Encodes a HOG1 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Homologue.
Y. Zhang, R. Lamm, C. Pillonel, S. Lam, and J.-R. Xu (2002)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 68, 532-538
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plant Two-Component Signaling Systems and the Role of Response Regulators.
J. Lohrmann and K. Harter (2002)
Plant Physiology 128, 363-369
   Full Text »    PDF »
Genomic analysis of the histidine kinase family in bacteria and archaea.
D.-j. Kim and S. Forst (2001)
Microbiology 147, 1197-1212
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Myxococcus xanthus mokA Encodes a Histidine Kinase-Response Regulator Hybrid Sensor Required for Development and Osmotic Tolerance.
Y. Kimura, H. Nakano, H. Terasaka, and K. Takegawa (2001)
J. Bacteriol. 183, 1140-1146
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Ptc1, a Type 2C Ser/Thr Phosphatase, Inactivates the HOG Pathway by Dephosphorylating the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Hog1.
J. Warmka, J. Hanneman, J. Lee, D. Amin, and I. Ota (2001)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 51-60
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Altered Activity, Social Behavior, and Spatial Memory in Mice Lacking the NTAN1p Amidase and the Asparagine Branch of the N-End Rule Pathway.
Y. T. Kwon, S. A. Balogh, I. V. Davydov, A. S. Kashina, J. K. Yoon, Y. Xie, A. Gaur, L. Hyde, V. H. Denenberg, and A. Varshavsky (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 4135-4148
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Sbe2p and Sbe22p, Two Homologous Golgi Proteins Involved in Yeast Cell Wall Formation.
B. Santos and M. Snyder (2000)
Mol. Biol. Cell 11, 435-452
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Eukaryotic signal transduction via histidine-aspartate phosphorelay.
P Thomason and R Kay (2000)
J. Cell Sci. 113, 3141-3150
   Abstract »    PDF »
Beryllofluoride mimics phosphorylation of NtrC and other bacterial response regulators.
D. Yan, H. S. Cho, C. A. Hastings, M. M. Igo, S.-Y. Lee, J. G. Pelton, V. Stewart, D. E. Wemmer, and S. Kustu (1999)
PNAS 96, 14789-14794
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Roles of Three Histidine Kinase Genes in Hyphal Development and Virulence of the Pathogenic Fungus Candida albicans.
T. Yamada-Okabe, T. Mio, N. Ono, Y. Kashima, M. Matsui, M. Arisawa, and H. Yamada-Okabe (1999)
J. Bacteriol. 181, 7243-7247
   Abstract »    Full Text »
A Transmembrane Hybrid-Type Histidine Kinase in Arabidopsis Functions as an Osmosensor.
T. Urao, B. Yakubov, R. Satoh, K. Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, M. Seki, T. Hirayama, and K. Shinozaki (1999)
PLANT CELL 11, 1743-1754
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Iron Coordination Structures of Oxygen Sensor FixL Characterized by Fe K-edge Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure and Resonance Raman Spectroscopy.
H. Miyatake, M. Mukai, S.-i. Adachi, H. Nakamura, K. Tamura, T. Iizuka, Y. Shiro, R. W. Strange, and S. S. Hasnain (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 23176-23184
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Antifungal Properties and Target Evaluation of Three Putative Bacterial Histidine Kinase Inhibitors.
R. J. Deschenes, H. Lin, A. D. Ault, and J. S. Fassler (1999)
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43, 1700-1703
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Bivalent Inhibitor of the N-end Rule Pathway.
Y. T. Kwon, F. Levy, and A. Varshavsky (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 18135-18139
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Hog1p in Morphogenesis and Virulence of Candida albicans.
R. A. Monge, F. Navarro-García, G. Molero, R. Diez-Orejas, M. Gustin, J. Pla, M. Sánchez, and C. Nombela (1999)
J. Bacteriol. 181, 3058-3068
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Caffeine-Mediated Override of Checkpoint Controls: A Requirement for rhp6 (Schizosaccharomyces pombe).
R. Rowley and J. Zhang (1999)
Genetics 152, 61-71
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Extracellular Domain of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sln1p Membrane Osmolarity Sensor Is Necessary for Kinase Activity.
D. B. Ostrander and J. A. Gorman (1999)
J. Bacteriol. 181, 2527-2534
   Abstract »    Full Text »
An Arabidopsis GSK3/shaggy-Like Gene That Complements Yeast Salt Stress-Sensitive Mutants Is Induced by NaCl and Abscisic Acid.
H. L. Piao, K. Tae Pih, J. Hwa Lim, S. Gene Kang, J. Bo Jin, S. Hee Kim, and I. Hwang (1999)
Plant Physiology 119, 1527-1534
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Functional dissection of the transmitter module of the histidine kinase NtrB in Escherichia coli.
G. Kramer and V. Weiss (1999)
PNAS 96, 604-609
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Stabilities of Phosphorylated Response Regulator Domains Reflect Functional Roles of the Yeast Osmoregulatory SLN1 and SSK1 Proteins.
F. Janiak-Spens, J. M. Sparling, M. Gurfinkel, and A. H. West (1999)
J. Bacteriol. 181, 411-417
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Alternative Splicing Results in Differential Expression, Activity, and Localization of the Two Forms of Arginyl-tRNA-Protein Transferase, a Component of the N-End Rule Pathway.
Y. T. Kwon, A. S. Kashina, and A. Varshavsky (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 182-193
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Intracellular Glycerol Levels Modulate the Activity of Sln1p, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Two-component Regulator.
W. Tao, R. J. Deschenes, and J. S. Fassler (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 360-367
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Cdc28 Cyclin-Dependent Protein Kinase Activity during the Cell Cycle of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
M. D. Mendenhall and A. E. Hodge (1998)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62, 1191-1243
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
MAP Kinase Pathways in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
M. C. Gustin, J. Albertyn, M. Alexander, and K. Davenport (1998)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62, 1264-1300
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Requirement of STE50 for Osmostress-Induced Activation of the STE11 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase in the High-Osmolarity Glycerol Response Pathway.
F. Posas, E. A. Witten, and H. Saito (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 5788-5796
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Two-Component System . Regulation of Diverse Signaling Pathways in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
C. Chang and R. C. Stewart (1998)
Plant Physiology 117, 723-731
   Full Text »
Two Genes with Similarity to Bacterial Response Regulators Are Rapidly and Specifically Induced by Cytokinin in Arabidopsis.
I. Brandstatter and J. J. Kieber (1998)
PLANT CELL 10, 1009-1020
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Heat Stress Activates Fission Yeast Spc1/StyI MAPK by a MEKK-Independent Mechanism.
K. Shiozaki, M. Shiozaki, and P. Russell (1998)
Mol. Biol. Cell 9, 1339-1349
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Antibacterial agents that inhibit two-component signal transduction systems.
J. F. Barrett, R. M. Goldschmidt, L. E. Lawrence, B. Foleno, R. Chen, J. P. Demers, S. Johnson, R. Kanojia, J. Fernandez, J. Bernstein, et al. (1998)
PNAS 95, 5317-5322
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Response regulators implicated in His-to-Asp phosphotransfer signaling in Arabidopsis.
A. Imamura, N. Hanaki, H. Umeda, A. Nakamura, T. Suzuki, C. Ueguchi, and T. Mizuno (1998)
PNAS 95, 2691-2696
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
SacY, a Transcriptional Antiterminator from Bacillus subtilis, Is Regulated by Phosphorylation In Vivo.
M. Idelson and O. Amster-Choder (1998)
J. Bacteriol. 180, 660-666
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Win1 Mitotic Regulator Is a Component of the Fission Yeast Stress-activated Sty1 MAPK Pathway.
J.-C. Shieh, M. G. Wilkinson, and J. B.A. Millar (1998)
Mol. Biol. Cell 9, 311-322
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Expression of the Glyoxalase I Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Is Regulated by High Osmolarity Glycerol Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Osmotic Stress Response.
Y. Inoue, Y. Tsujimoto, and A. Kimura (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 2977-2983
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Two-component kinase-like activity of nm23 correlates with its motility-suppressing activity.
P. D. Wagner, P. S. Steeg, and N.-D. Vu (1997)
PNAS 94, 9000-9005
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of the Histidine Protein Kinase KinB in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Its Phosphorylation of the Alginate Regulator AlgB.
S. Ma, D. J. Wozniak, and D. E. Ohman (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 17952-17960
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Two Protein-tyrosine Phosphatases Inactivate the Osmotic Stress Response Pathway in Yeast by Targeting the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase, Hog1.
T. Jacoby, H. Flanagan, A. Faykin, A. G. Seto, C. Mattison, and I. Ota (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 17749-17755
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Distinct Regulation of Osmoprotective Genes in Yeast and Mammals. ALDOSE REDUCTASE OSMOTIC RESPONSE ELEMENT IS INDUCED INDEPENDENT OF p38 AND STRESS-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE/Jun N-TERMINAL KINASE IN RABBIT KIDNEY CELLS.
D. Kultz, A. Garcia-Perez, J. D. Ferraris, and M. B. Burg (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 13165-13170
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activated Alleles of Yeast SLN1 Increase Mcm1-dependent Reporter Gene Expression and Diminish Signaling through the Hog1 Osmosensing Pathway.
J. S. Fassler, W. M. Gray, C. L. Malone, W. Tao, H. Lin, and R. J. Deschenes (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 13365-13371
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a new class of protein kinases represented by eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase.
A. G. Ryazanov, M. D. Ward, C. E. Mendola, K. S. Pavur, M. V. Dorovkov, M. Wiedmann, H. Erdjument-Bromage, P. Tempst, T. G. Parmer, C. R. Prostko, et al. (1997)
PNAS 94, 4884-4889
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Mcs4 response regulator coordinately controls the stress-activated Wak1-Wis1-Sty1 MAP kinase pathway and fission yeast cell cycle..
J C Shieh, M G Wilkinson, V Buck, B A Morgan, K Makino, and J B Millar (1997)
Genes & Dev. 11, 1008-1022
   Abstract »    PDF »
High Throughput Autophosphorylation Assay for Bacterial Protein Histidine Kinases.
S. Roychoudhury, S. M. Collins, B. A. Hynd, and C. N. Parker (1997)
J Biomol Screen 2, 85-90
   Abstract »    PDF »
Histidine kinases in signal transduction pathways of eukaryotes.
W. Loomis, G Shaulsky, and N Wang (1997)
J. Cell Sci. 110, 1141-1145
   Abstract »    PDF »
Nucleoside-diphosphate Kinase-mediated Signal Transduction via Histidyl-Aspartyl Phosphorelay Systems in Escherichia coli.
Q. Lu, H. Park, L. A. Egger, and M. Inouye (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 32886-32893
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Altered recognition mutants of the response regulator PhoB: A new genetic strategy for studying protein-protein interactions.
A. Haldimann, M. K. Prahalad, S. L. Fisher, S.-K. Kim, C. T. Walsh, and B. L. Wanner (1996)
PNAS 93, 14361-14366
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Mouse Amidase Specific for N-terminal Asparagine. THE GENE, THE ENZYME, AND THEIR FUNCTION IN THE N-END RULE PATHWAY.
S. Grigoryev, A. E. Stewart, Y. T. Kwon, S. M. Arfin, R. A. Bradshaw, N. A. Jenkins, N. G. Copeland, and A. Varshavsky (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 28521-28532
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Carbon Source Regulation of PIS1 Gene Expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Involves the MCM1 Gene and the Two-component Regulatory Gene, SLN1.
M. S. Anderson and J. M. Lopes (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 26596-26601
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Adenylyl Cyclase G, an Osmosensor Controlling Germination of Dictyostelium Spores.
S. van Es, K. J. Virdy, G. S. Pitt, M. Meima, T. W. Sands, P. N. Devreotes, D. A. Cotter, and P. Schaap (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 23623-23625
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Purification and Characterization of Two Isoenzymes of DL-Glycerol-3-phosphatase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. IDENTIFICATION OF THE CORRESPONDING GPP1 AND GPP2 GENES AND EVIDENCE FOR OSMOTIC REGULATION OF Gpp2p EXPRESSION BY THE OSMOSENSING MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY.
J. Norbeck, A.-K. Pahlman, N. Akhtar, A. Blomberg, and L. Adler (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 13875-13881
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Reverse Phosphotransfer from OmpR to EnvZ in a Kinase[IMAGE]/Phosphatase[IMAGE] Mutant of EnvZ (EnvZbulletN347D), a Bifunctional Signal Transducer of Escherichia coli.
R. Dutta and M. Inouye (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 1424-1429
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tandem Binding of Six OmpR Proteins to the ompF Upstream Regulatory Sequence of Escherichia coli.
S. L. Harlocker, L. Bergstrom, and M. Inouye (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 26849-26856
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Lock On/Off Disulfides Identify the Transmembrane Signaling Helix of the Aspartate Receptor.
S. A. Chervitz and J. J. Falke (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 24043-24053
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cross-talk between the Histidine Protein Kinase VanS and the Response Regulator PhoB.
S. L. Fisher, W. Jiang, B. L. Wanner, and C. T. Walsh (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 23143-23149
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ethylene insensitivity conferred by Arabidopsis ERS gene.
J Hua, C Chang, Q Sun, and E. Meyerowitz (1995)
Science 269, 1712-1714
   Abstract »    PDF »
Activation of yeast PBS2 MAPKK by MAPKKKs or by binding of an SH3-containing osmosensor.
T Maeda, M Takekawa, and H Saito (1995)
Science 269, 554-558
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Ethylene Response Mediator ETR1 from Arabidopsis Forms a Disulfide-linked Dimer.
G. E. Schaller, A. N. Ladd, M. B. Lanahan, J. M. Spanbauer, and A. B. Bleecker (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 12526-12530
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The ethylene signal transduction pathway in plants.
Ecker JR (1995)
Science 268, 667-675
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Essential Transcription Factor, Mcm1, Is a Downstream Target of Sln1, a Yeast ``Two-component'' Regulator.
G. Yu, R. J. Deschenes, and J. S. Fassler (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 8739-8743
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Convergent sensing pathways mediate response to two extracellular competence factors in Bacillus subtilis..
J M Solomon, R Magnuson, A Srivastava, and A D Grossman (1995)
Genes & Dev. 9, 547-558
   Abstract »    PDF »
The N-end Rule.
A. Varshavsky (1995)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 60, 461-478
   Abstract »    PDF »
The two-component pathway comes to eukaryotes.
D. Koshland Jr (1993)
Science 262, 532
   PDF »
Psr1p/Psr2p, Two Plasma Membrane Phosphatases with an Essential DXDX(T/V) Motif Required for Sodium Stress Response in Yeast.
S. Siniossoglou, E. C. Hurt, and H. R. B. Pelham (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 19352-19360
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Crystal Structure of Activated CheY. COMPARISON WITH OTHER ACTIVATED RECEIVER DOMAINS.
S.-Y. Lee, Ho. S. Cho, J. G. Pelton, D. Yan, E. A. Berry, and D. E. Wemmer (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 16425-16431
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)