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Science 27 August 1993:
Vol. 261. no. 5125, pp. 1179 - 1181
DOI: 10.1126/science.8356453
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Articles

Science, Vol 261, Issue 5125, 1179-1181
Copyright © 1993 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 patients with primary infection

T Zhu, H Mo, N Wang, DS Nam, Y Cao, RA Koup, and DD Ho

Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016.

Better characterization of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) in patients with primary infection has important implications for the development of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) vaccine because vaccine strategies should target viral isolates with the properties of transmitted viruses. In five HIV-1 seroconverters, the viral phenotype was found to be uniformly macrophage-tropic and non-syncytium-inducing. Furthermore, the viruses were genotypically homogeneous within each patient, but a common signature sequence was not discernible among transmitted viruses. In the two cases where the sexual partners were also studied, the sequences of the transmitted viruses matched best with minor variants in the blood of the transmitters. There was also a stronger pressure to conserve sequences in gp120 than in gp41, nef, and p17, suggesting that a selective mechanism is involved in transmission.


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R5 and X4 HIV envelopes induce distinct gene expression profiles in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
C. Cicala, J. Arthos, E. Martinelli, N. Censoplano, C. C. Cruz, E. Chung, S. M. Selig, D. Van Ryk, J. Yang, S. Jagannatha, et al. (2006)
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K. V. Kibler, A. Miyazato, V. S. R. K. Yedavalli, A. I. Dayton, B. L. Jacobs, G. Dapolito, S.-j. Kim, and K.-T. Jeang (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 49055-49063
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Immunodeficiency virus uptake, turnover, and 2-phase transfer in human dendritic cells.
S. G. Turville, J. J. Santos, I. Frank, P. U. Cameron, J. Wilkinson, M. Miranda-Saksena, J. Dable, H. Stossel, N. Romani, M. Piatak Jr, et al. (2004)
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CD8+ T cell-mediated CXC chemokine receptor 4-simian/human immunodeficiency virus suppression in dually infected rhesus macaques.
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S. Jenkinson, D. C. Mc Coy, S. A. Kerner, R. G. Ferris, W. K. Lawrence, W. C. Clay, J. P. Condreay, and C. D. Smith (2003)
J Biomol Screen 8, 463-470
   Abstract »    PDF »
R5 HIV productively infects Langerhans cells, and infection levels are regulated by compound CCR5 polymorphisms.
T. Kawamura, F. O. Gulden, M. Sugaya, D. T. McNamara, D. L. Borris, M. M. Lederman, J. M. Orenstein, P. A. Zimmerman, and A. Blauvelt (2003)
PNAS 100, 8401-8406
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A duodenally absorbable CXC chemokine receptor 4 antagonist, KRH-1636, exhibits a potent and selective anti-HIV-1 activity.
K. Ichiyama, S. Yokoyama-Kumakura, Y. Tanaka, R. Tanaka, K. Hirose, K. Bannai, T. Edamatsu, M. Yanaka, Y. Niitani, N. Miyano-Kurosaki, et al. (2003)
PNAS 100, 4185-4190
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Ligand-independent Dimerization of CXCR4, a Principal HIV-1 Coreceptor.
G. J. Babcock, M. Farzan, and J. Sodroski (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 3378-3385
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibiting HIV-1 infection in human T cells by lentiviral-mediated delivery of small interfering RNA against CCR5.
X.-F. Qin, D. S. An, I. S. Y. Chen, and D. Baltimore (2003)
PNAS 100, 183-188
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Transepithelial transport of HIV-1 by M cells is receptor-mediated.
G. Fotopoulos, A. Harari, P. Michetti, D. Trono, G. Pantaleo, and J.-P. Kraehenbuhl (2002)
PNAS 99, 9410-9414
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HIV-1 gp41 Envelope Residues 650-685 Exposed on Native Virus Act as a Lectin to Bind Epithelial Cell Galactosyl Ceramide.
A. Alfsen and M. Bomsel (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 25649-25659
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HIV-1 transmission and acute HIV-1 infection.
P. Hansasuta and S. L Rowland-Jones (2001)
Br. Med. Bull. 58, 109-127
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Host Determinants in HIV Infection and Disease: Part 1: Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses.
C. M. Hogan and S. M. Hammer (2001)
Ann Intern Med 134, 761-776
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Candidate Microbicides Block HIV-1 Infection of Human Immature Langerhans Cells within Epithelial Tissue Explants.
T. Kawamura, S. S. Cohen, D. L. Borris, E. A. Aquilino, S. Glushakova, L. B. Margolis, J. M. Orenstein, R. E. Offord, A. R. Neurath, and A. Blauvelt (2000)
J. Exp. Med. 192, 1491-1500
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Macrophage-Tropic HIV Induces and Exploits Dendritic Cell Chemotaxis.
C.-L. Lin, A. K. Sewell, G. F. Gao, K. T. Whelan, R. E. Phillips, and J. M. Austyn (2000)
J. Exp. Med. 192, 587-594
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Failure of Routine HIV-1 Tests in a Case Involving Transmission With Preseroconversion Blood Components During the Infectious Window Period.
A. E. Ling, K. E. Robbins, T. M. Brown, V. Dunmire, S. Y. S. Thoe, S.-Y. Wong, Y. S. Leo, D. Teo, J. Gallarda, B. Phelps, et al. (2000)
JAMA 284, 210-214
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HIV-1 Selection by Epidermal Dendritic Cells during Transmission across Human Skin.
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J. Exp. Med. 187, 1623-1631
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Factors Secreted by Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I (HTLV-I)-infected Cells Can Enhance or Inhibit Replication of HIV-1 in HTLV-I-uninfected Cells: Implications for In Vivo Coinfection with HTLV-I and HIV-1.
H. Moriuchi, M. Moriuchi, and A. S. Fauci (1998)
J. Exp. Med. 187, 1689-1697
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Effect of CCR2 and CCR5 Variants on HIV Disease Abstract and Commentary.
R. G. Collman (1997)
JAMA 278, 2113-2114
   PDF »
CXCR4/fusin Is Not a Species-specific Barrier in Murine Cells for HIV-1 Entry.
K. Tachibana, T. Nakajima, A. Sato, K. Igarashi, H. Shida, H. Iizasa, N. Yoshida, O. Yoshie, T. Kishimoto, and T. Nagasawa (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 185, 1865-1870
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Early HIV-1 Envelope-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses in Vertically Infected Infants.
C. A. Pikora, J. L. Sullivan, D. Panicali, and K. Luzuriaga (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 185, 1153-1162
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Change in Coreceptor Use Correlates with Disease Progression in HIV-1-Infected Individuals.
R. I. Connor, K. E. Sheridan, D. Ceradini, S. Choe, and N. R. Landau (1997)
J. Exp. Med. 185, 621-628
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Features of HIV-1 That Could Influence Maternal-Child Transmission.
S. C. Kliks, D. W. Wara, D. V. Landers, and J. A. Levy (1994)
JAMA 272, 467-474
   Abstract »    PDF »
Genetic relationships determined by a DNA heteroduplex mobility assay: analysis of HIV-1 env genes.
E. Delwart, E. Shpaer, J Louwagie, F. McCutchan, M Grez, H Rubsamen-Waigmann, and J. Mullins (1993)
Science 262, 1257-1261
   Abstract »    PDF »


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