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Science 16 April 1993:
Vol. 260. no. 5106, pp. 332 - 335
DOI: 10.1126/science.260.5106.332

Articles

In-Plane Structure of the Liquid-Vapor Interface of an Alloy: A Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction Study of Bismuth:Gallium

Erik B. Flom 1, Mengyang Li 1, Anibal Acero 1, Nissan Maskil 1, and Stuart A. Rice 1

1 Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637

The liquid-vapor interface of a bismuth-gallium mixture (0.2 percent bismuth and 99.8 percent gallium) at 36°C has been studied by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction. The data show, in agreement with thermodynamic arguments, that bismuth is heavily concentrated in the liquid-vapor interface. The x-ray diffraction data are interpreted with the assistance of a simple model that represents the interface as a partial monolayer of bismuth. This analysis leads to the conclusion that the bismuth concentration in the interface is about 80 percent, that there is no significant mixing of gallium and bismuth in the interface, and that the structure function of the interfacial bismuth is like that of supercooled bulk liquid bismuth.

Submitted on November 13, 1992
Accepted on January 29, 1993


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Two-dimensional freezing in the liquid-vapor interface of a dilute Pb:Ga alloy.
B. Yang, D. Gidalevitz, D. Li, Z. Huang, and S. A. Rice (1999)
PNAS 96, 13009-13011
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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)