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Science 5 March 1993:
Vol. 259. no. 5100, pp. 1442 - 1445
DOI: 10.1126/science.259.5100.1442
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Articles

Population Structure and the Evolution of Virulence in Nematode Parasites of Fig Wasps

Edward Allen Herre 1

1 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 2072, Balboa, Republic of Panama or Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Unit 0948, APO AA 34002-0948

It is often assumed that parasitic and disease-producing organisms tend to evolve benign relationships with their hosts over time. In contrast, theoretical arguments suggest that increased opportunities for parasite transmission will promote the evolution of increased virulence. The natural history of species-specific nematodes that parasitize fig-pollinating wasps permits the testing of these predictions in natural populations. For 11 species of Panamanian fig wasps, those species characterized by population structures that result in increased opportunities for parasite transmission harbor more virulent species of nematodes. In addition, differences in population structure are also associated with differences in other intra- and interspecific phenomena, including sex ratios among the fig wasp species, the degree of tension in the wasp-fig mutualism, and lethal combat among the males of parasitic wasps.

Submitted on August 10, 1992
Accepted on November 30, 1992


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