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Science 11 September 1992:
Vol. 257. no. 5076, pp. 1496 - 1502
DOI: 10.1126/science.1523409

Articles

Science, Vol 257, Issue 5076, 1496-1502
Copyright © 1992 by American Association for the Advancement of Science


articles

Oxidized redox state of glutathione in the endoplasmic reticulum

C Hwang, AJ Sinskey, and HF Lodish

Department of Biology, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02142.

The redox state of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was measured with the peptide N-Acetyl-Asn-Tyr-Thr-Cys-NH2. The peptide diffused across cellular membranes; some became glycosylated and thus trapped within the secretory pathway, and its cysteine residue underwent reversible thiol-disulfide exchanges with the surrounding redox buffer. Glycosylated peptides from cells were disulfide-linked to glutathione, indicating that glutathione is the major redox buffer in the secretory pathway. The redox state of the secretory pathway was more oxidative than that of the cytosol; the ratio of reduced glutathione to the disulfide form (GSH/GSSG) within the secretory pathway ranged from 1:1 to 3:1, whereas the overall cellular GSH/GSSG ratio ranged from 30:1 to 100:1. Cytosolic glutathione was also transported into the lumen of microsomes in a cell-free system. Although how the ER maintains an oxidative environment is not known, these results suggest that the demonstrated preferential transport of GSSG compared to GSH into the ER lumen may contribute to this redox compartmentation.


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J. Nutr. 130, 1455S-1458
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Hgt1p, a High Affinity Glutathione Transporter from the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
A. Bourbouloux, P. Shahi, A. Chakladar, S. Delrot, and A. K. Bachhawat (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 13259-13265
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Specific Chaperone-like Activity of Inhibitor of Caspase-activated DNase for Caspase-activated DNase.
H. Sakahira, A. Iwamatsu, and S. Nagata (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 8091-8096
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Disulfide Bonds and Membrane Topology of the Vaccinia Virus A17L Envelope Protein.
T. Betakova and B. Moss (2000)
J. Virol. 74, 2438-2442
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Detoxification of Arsenic by Phytochelatins in Plants.
M. E.V. Schmoger, M. Oven, and E. Grill (2000)
Plant Physiology 122, 793-802
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ERO1-L, a Human Protein That Favors Disulfide Bond Formation in the Endoplasmic Reticulum.
A. Cabibbo, M. Pagani, M. Fabbri, M. Rocchi, M. R. Farmery, N. J. Bulleid, and R. Sitia (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 4827-4833
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Yeast flavin-containing monooxygenase is induced by the unfolded protein response.
J.-K. Suh and J. D. Robertus (2000)
PNAS 97, 121-126
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Novel Protein-disulfide Isomerases from the Early-diverging Protist Giardia lamblia.
L. A. Knodler, R. Noiva, K. Mehta, J. M. McCaffery, S. B. Aley, S. G. Svard, T. G. Nystul, D. S. Reiner, J. D. Silberman, and F. D. Gillin (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 29805-29811
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Selection of antibodies for intracellular function using a two-hybrid in vivo system.
M. Visintin, E. Tse, H. Axelson, T. H. Rabbitts, and A. Cattaneo (1999)
PNAS 96, 11723-11728
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Overexpression of glutathione reductase extends survival in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster under hyperoxia but not normoxia.
R. J. MOCKETT, R. S. SOHAL, and W. C. ORR (1999)
FASEB J 13, 1733-1742
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