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Science 28 June 1991:
Vol. 252. no. 5014, pp. 1817 - 1822
DOI: 10.1126/science.2063194

Articles

Science, Vol 252, Issue 5014, 1817-1822
Copyright © 1991 by American Association for the Advancement of Science


articles

Three-dimensional structure of the LDL receptor-binding domain of human apolipoprotein E

C Wilson, MR Wardell, KH Weisgraber, RW Mahley, and DA Agard

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0448.

Human apolipoprotein E, a blood plasma protein, mediates the transport and uptake of cholesterol and lipid by way of its high affinity interaction with different cellular receptors, including the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. The three-dimensional structure of the LDL receptor-binding domain of apoE has been determined at 2.5 angstrom resolution by x-ray crystallography. The protein forms an unusually elongated (65 angstroms) four-helix bundle, with the helices apparently stabilized by a tightly packed hydrophobic core that includes leucine zipper-type interactions and by numerous salt bridges on the mostly charged surface. Basic amino acids important for LDL receptor binding are clustered into a surface patch on one long helix. This structure provides the basis for understanding the behavior of naturally occurring mutants that can lead to atherosclerosis.


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   Abstract »    Full Text »
Apolipoprotein E Binds to and Potentiates the Biological Activity of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor.
C. R. Gutman, W. J. Strittmatter, K. H. Weisgraber, and W. D. Matthew (1997)
J. Neurosci. 17, 6114-6121
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Both apolipoprotein E and A-I genes are present in a nonmammalian vertebrate and are highly expressed during embryonic development.
P. J. Babin, C. Thisse, M. Durliat, M. Andre, M.-A. Akimenko, and B. Thisse (1997)
PNAS 94, 8622-8627
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Insight into Lipid Surface Recognition and Reversible Conformational Adaptations of an Exchangeable Apolipoprotein by Multidimensional Heteronuclear NMR Techniques.
J. Wang, S. M. Gagne, B. D. Sykes, and R. O. Ryan (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 17912-17920
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Carboxyl-terminal Hydrophobic Residues of Apolipoprotein A-I Affect Its Rate of Phospholipid Binding and Its Association with High Density Lipoprotein.
M. Laccotripe, S. C. Makrides, A. Jonas, and V. I. Zannis (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 17511-17522
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Apolipoprotein E2(Arg145Cys) Mutation Causes Autosomal Dominant Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia With Incomplete Penetrance.
W. J.S. de Villiers, D. R. van der Westhuyzen, G. A. Coetzee, H. E. Henderson, and A. D. Marais (1997)
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 17, 865-872
   Abstract »    Full Text »
alpha -Helical Protein Assembly Motifs.
W. D. Kohn, C. T. Mant, and R. S. Hodges (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 2583-2586
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Possible Functional Interactions of Apolipoprotein B-100 Segments That Associate With Cell Proteoglycans and the ApoB/E Receptor.
U. Olsson, G. Camejo, E. Hurt-Camejo, K. Elfsber, O. Wiklund, and G. Bondjers (1997)
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 17, 149-155
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The role of apolipoprotein AI domains in lipid binding.
W. S. Davidson, T. Hazlett, W. W. Mantulin, and A. Jonas (1996)
PNAS 93, 13605-13610
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Disulfide Bond Engineering to Monitor Conformational Opening of Apolipophorin III During Lipid Binding.
V. Narayanaswami, J. Wang, C. M. Kay, D. G. Scraba, and R. O. Ryan (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 26855-26862
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Apolipoprotein A-I Conformation in Reconstituted Discoidal Lipoproteins Varying in Phospholipid and Cholesterol Content.
J. Bergeron, P. G. Frank, D. Scales, Q.-H. Meng, G. Castro, and Y. L. Marcel (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 27429-27438
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An Antibody Fragment from a Phage Display Library Competes for Ligand Binding to the Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Family and Inhibits Rhinovirus Infection.
R. A. Hodits, J. Nimpf, D. M. Pfistermueller, T. Hiesberger, W. J. Schneider, T. J. Vaughan, K. S. Johnson, M. Haumer, E. Kuechler, G. Winter, et al. (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 24078-24085
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Apolipoprotein E Carboxyl-terminal Fragments Are Complexed to Amyloids A and L.
E. M. Castao, F. Prelli, M. Pras, and B. Frangione (1995)
J. Biol. Chem. 270, 17610-17615
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The crystal structure of lysin, a fertilization protein.
A Shaw, D. McRee, V. Vacquier, and C. Stout (1993)
Science 262, 1864-1867
   Abstract »    PDF »
Receptors and Transmembrane Signaling.
B.L. Stoddard, H.-P. Biemann, and D.E. Koshland Jr. (1992)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 57, 1-15
   Abstract »    PDF »
Three-dimensional structures of the ligand-binding domain of the bacterial aspartate receptor with and without a ligand.
M. Milburn, G. Prive, D. Milligan, W. Scott, J Yeh, J Jancarik, D. Koshland Jr, and S. Kim (1991)
Science 254, 1342-1347
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Lipid-associated Conformation of the Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Binding Domain of Human Apolipoprotein E.
C. A. Fisher, V. Narayanaswami, and R. O. Ryan (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 33601-33606
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Conformational Reorganization of the Four-helix Bundle of Human Apolipoprotein E in Binding to Phospholipid.
B. Lu, J. A. Morrow, and K. H. Weisgraber (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 20775-20781
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Self-association of Human Apolipoprotein E3 and E4 in the Presence and Absence of Phospholipid.
M. A. Perugini, P. Schuck, and G. J. Howlett (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 36758-36765
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »



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