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Science 28 June 1991: Vol. 252. no. 5014, pp. 1817 - 1822 DOI: 10.1126/science.2063194
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Articles
Science, Vol 252, Issue 5014, 1817-1822
Copyright © 1991 by American Association for the Advancement of Science
Three-dimensional structure of the LDL receptor-binding domain of human apolipoprotein E
C Wilson,
MR Wardell,
KH Weisgraber,
RW Mahley,
and
DA Agard
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0448.
Human apolipoprotein E, a blood plasma protein, mediates the transport and uptake of cholesterol and lipid by way of its high affinity interaction with different cellular receptors, including the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. The three-dimensional structure of the LDL receptor-binding domain of apoE has been determined at 2.5 angstrom resolution by x-ray crystallography. The protein forms an unusually elongated (65 angstroms) four-helix bundle, with the helices apparently stabilized by a tightly packed hydrophobic core that includes leucine zipper-type interactions and by numerous salt bridges on the mostly charged surface. Basic amino acids important for LDL receptor binding are clustered into a surface patch on one long helix. This structure provides the basis for understanding the behavior of naturally occurring mutants that can lead to atherosclerosis.
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