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Science 3 August 1990:
Vol. 249. no. 4968, pp. 561 - 564
DOI: 10.1126/science.2382134
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Articles

Science, Vol 249, Issue 4968, 561-564
Copyright © 1990 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

A mouse macrophage factor induces head structures and organizes a body axis in Xenopus

S Sokol, GG Wong, and DA Melton

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.

Soluble peptide factors have been implicated as the agents responsible for embryonic inductions in vertebrates. Here, a protein (PIF) secreted by a mouse macrophage cell line is shown to change the developmental fate of Xenopus embryonic cells. Exposure to PIF causes presumptive ectodermal explants to form anterior neural and mesodermal tissues, including brain and eye, instead of ciliated epidermis. In addition, the induced tissues are organized into a rudimentary embryonic axis. These results suggest that PIF or a closely related molecule is involved in inducing anterior structures and organizing the frog body plan.


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