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Science 24 March 1989:
Vol. 243. no. 4898, pp. 1586 - 1589
DOI: 10.1126/science.2928794
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Articles

Science, Vol 243, Issue 4898, 1586-1589
Copyright © 1989 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Imaging crystals, polymers, and processes in water with the atomic force microscope

B Drake, CB Prater, AL Weisenhorn, SA Gould, TR Albrecht, CF Quate, DS Cannell, HG Hansma, and PK Hansma

Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106.

The atomic force microscope (AFM) can be used to image the surface of both conductors and nonconductors even if they are covered with water or aqueous solutions. An AFM was used that combines microfabricated cantilevers with a previously described optical lever system to monitor deflection. Images of mica demonstrate that atomic resolution is possible on rigid materials, thus opening the possibility of atomic-scale corrosion experiments on nonconductors. Images of polyalanine, an amino acid polymer, show the potential of the AFM for revealing the structure of molecules important in biology and medicine. Finally, a series of ten images of the polymerization of fibrin, the basic component of blood clots, illustrate the potential of the AFM for revealing subtle details of biological processes as they occur in real time.


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