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Science 24 June 1988:
Vol. 240. no. 4860, pp. 1759 - 1764
DOI: 10.1126/science.3289117
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Articles

Science, Vol 240, Issue 4860, 1759-1764
Copyright © 1988 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

The leucine zipper: a hypothetical structure common to a new class of DNA binding proteins

WH Landschulz, PF Johnson, and SL McKnight

Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Baltimore, MD 21210.

A 30-amino-acid segment of C/EBP, a newly discovered enhancer binding protein, shares notable sequence similarity with a segment of the cellular Myc transforming protein. Display of these respective amino acid sequences on an idealized alpha helix revealed a periodic repetition of leucine residues at every seventh position over a distance covering eight helical turns. The periodic array of at least four leucines was also noted in the sequences of the Fos and Jun transforming proteins, as well as that of the yeast gene regulatory protein, GCN4. The polypeptide segments containing these periodic arrays of leucine residues are proposed to exist in an alpha-helical conformation, and the leucine side chains extending from one alpha helix interdigitate with those displayed from a similar alpha helix of a second polypeptide, facilitating dimerization. This hypothetical structure is referred to as the "leucine zipper," and it may represent a characteristic property of a new category of DNA binding proteins.


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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Splice Variants of the Human HIF-3alpha Locus Are Targets of the von Hippel-Lindau E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex.
M. A. Maynard, H. Qi, J. Chung, E. H. L. Lee, Y. Kondo, S. Hara, R. C. Conaway, J. W. Conaway, and M. Ohh (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 11032-11040
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Leucine Zipper Domain Targets cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase to Mammalian BK Channels.
L. Tian, L. S. Coghill, S. H.-F. MacDonald, D. L. Armstrong, and M. J. Shipston (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 8669-8677
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Requirement of subunit expression for cAMP-mediated regulation of a heart potassium channel.
J. Kurokawa, L. Chen, and R. S. Kass (2003)
PNAS 100, 2122-2127
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bacteriophage Phi 29 Early Protein p17. SELF-ASSOCIATION AND HETERO-ASSOCIATION WITH THE VIRAL HISTONE-LIKE PROTEIN p6.
P. Crucitti, A. M. Abril, and M. Salas (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 4906-4911
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Using an Aplysia Two-Hybrid System to Examine the Interactions Between Transcription Factors Involved in Long-Term Facilitation in the Nervous System of Aplysia.
J.-H. Choi, J.-A Lee, S.-W. Yim, C.-S. Lim, C.-H. Lee, Y.-D. Lee, D. Bartsch, E. R. Kandel, and B.-K. Kaang (2003)
Learn. Mem. 10, 40-43
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein {alpha} Interacts with ZTA and Mediates ZTA-Induced p21CIP-1 Accumulation and G1 Cell Cycle Arrest during the Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Cycle.
F. Y. Wu, H. Chen, S. E. Wang, C. M. J. apRhys, G. Liao, M. Fujimuro, C. J. Farrell, J. Huang, S. D. Hayward, and G. S. Hayward (2002)
J. Virol. 77, 1481-1500
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Downregulation of c-Jun Expression by Transcription Factor C/EBP{alpha} Is Critical for Granulocytic Lineage Commitment.
J. Rangatia, R. K. Vangala, N. Treiber, P. Zhang, H. Radomska, D. G. Tenen, W. Hiddemann, and G. Behre (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 8681-8694
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein Alpha (C/EBP{alpha}) in Activation of the Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) Lytic-Cycle Replication-Associated Protein (RAP) Promoter in Cooperation with the KSHV Replication and Transcription Activator (RTA) and RAP.
S. E. Wang, F. Y. Wu, M. Fujimuro, J. Zong, S. D. Hayward, and G. S. Hayward (2002)
J. Virol. 77, 600-623
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Direct in Vivo Screening of Intrabody Libraries Constructed on a Highly Stable Single-chain Framework.
A. A. d. Maur, C. Zahnd, F. Fischer, S. Spinelli, A. Honegger, C. Cambillau, D. Escher, A. Pluckthun, and A. Barberis (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 45075-45085
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Past-A, a Novel Proton-Associated Sugar Transporter, Regulates Glucose Homeostasis in the Brain.
N. Shimokawa, J. Okada, K. Haglund, I. Dikic, N. Koibuchi, and M. Miura (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 9160-9165
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mixed Lineage Kinase 2 Interacts with Clathrin and Influences Clathrin-coated Vesicle Trafficking.
S. Akbarzadeh, H. Ji, D. Frecklington, N. Marmy-Conus, Y.-F. Mok, L. Bowes, L. Devereux, M. Linsenmeyer, R. J. Simpson, and D. S. Dorow (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 36280-36287
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Classification of Human B-ZIP Proteins Based on Dimerization Properties.
C. Vinson, M. Myakishev, A. Acharya, A. A. Mir, J. R. Moll, and M. Bonovich (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 6321-6335
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