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Science 17 June 1988:
Vol. 240. no. 4859, pp. 1632 - 1641
DOI: 10.1126/science.2837824
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Articles

Science, Vol 240, Issue 4859, 1632-1641
Copyright © 1988 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Helix signals in proteins

LG Presta and GD Rose

Department of Biological Chemistry, Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey 17033.

The alpha helix, first proposed by Pauling and co-workers, is a hallmark of protein structure, and much effort has been directed toward understanding which sequences can form helices. The helix hypothesis, introduced here, provides a tentative answer to this question. The hypothesis states that a necessary condition for helix formation is the presence of residues flanking the helix termini whose side chains can form hydrogen bonds with the initial four-helix greater than N-H groups and final four-helix greater than C-O groups; these eight groups would otherwise lack intrahelical partners. This simple hypothesis implies the existence of a stereochemical code in which certain sequences have the hydrogen-bonding capacity to function as helix boundaries and thereby enable the helix to form autonomously. The three-dimensional structure of a protein is a consequence of the genetic code, but the rules relating sequence to structure are still unknown. The ensuing analysis supports the idea that a stereochemical code for the alpha helix resides in its boundary residues.


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