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Science 21 August 1987:
Vol. 237. no. 4817, pp. 888 - 893
DOI: 10.1126/science.3497453
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Articles

Science, Vol 237, Issue 4817, 888-893
Copyright © 1987 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

The sor gene of HIV-1 is required for efficient virus transmission in vitro

AG Fisher, B Ensoli, L Ivanoff, M Chamberlain, S Petteway, L Ratner, RC Gallo, and F Wong-Staal

The genome of the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 contains at least eight genes, of which three (sor, R, and 3' orf) have no known function. In this study, the role of the sor gene was examined by constructing a series of proviral genomes of HIV-1 that either lacked the coding sequences for sor or contained point mutations in sor. Analysis of four such mutants revealed that although each clone could generate morphologically normal virus particles upon transfection, the mutant viruses were limited in their capacity to establish stable infection. Virus derived from transfection of Cos-1 cells (OKT4-) with sor mutant proviral DNA's was resistant to transmission to OKT4+ "susceptible" cells under cell-free conditions, and was transmitted poorly by coculture. In contrast, virus derived from clones with an intact sor frame was readily propagated by either approach. Normal amounts of gag-, env-, and pol-derived proteins were produced by all four mutants and assays in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells indicated that their trans-activating capacity was intact and comparable with wild type. Thus the sor gene, although not absolutely required in HIV virion formation, influences virus transmission in vitro and is crucial in the efficient generation of infectious virus. The data also suggest that sor influences virus replication at a novel, post-translational stage and that its action is independent of the regulatory genes tat and trs.


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Phosphorylation of Vif and Its Role in HIV-1 Replication.
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Molecular targets for AIDS therapy.
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Science 249, 1533-1544
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Regulation of HIV and HTLV gene expression..
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Genes & Dev. 2, 1055-1062
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