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Science 16 September 1983:
Vol. 221. no. 4616, pp. 1208 - 1210
DOI: 10.1126/science.6612338
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Articles

Science, Vol 221, Issue 4616, 1208-1210
Copyright © 1983 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Autonomic nervous system activity distinguishes among emotions

P Ekman, RW Levenson, and WV Friesen

Emotion-specific activity in the autonomic nervous system was generated by constructing facial prototypes of emotion muscle by muscle and by reliving past emotional experiences. The autonomic activity produced distinguished not only between positive and negative emotions, but also among negative emotions. This finding challenges emotion theories that have proposed autonomic activity to be undifferentiated or that have failed to address the implications of autonomic differentiation in emotion.


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