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Science 13 May 1983:
Vol. 220. no. 4598, pp. 671 - 680
DOI: 10.1126/science.220.4598.671
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Articles

Optimization by Simulated Annealing

S. Kirkpatrick 1, C. D. Gelatt Jr. 1, and M. P. Vecchi 2

1 Research staff members at IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598
2 Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas 1010A, Venezuela

There is a deep and useful connection between statistical mechanics (the behavior of systems with many degrees of freedom in thermal equilibrium at a finite temperature) and multivariate or combinatorial optimization (finding the minimum of a given function depending on many parameters). A detailed analogy with annealing in solids provides a framework for optimization of the properties of very large and complex systems. This connection to statistical mechanics exposes new information and provides an unfamiliar perspective on traditional optimization problems and methods.


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