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Science 25 February 1983:
Vol. 219. no. 4587, pp. 979 - 980
DOI: 10.1126/science.6823561

Articles

Science, Vol 219, Issue 4587, 979-980
Copyright © 1983 by American Association for the Advancement of Science


articles

Chronic Parkinsonism in humans due to a product of meperidine-analog synthesis

JW Langston, P Ballard, JW Tetrud, and I Irwin

Four persons developed marked parkinsonism after using an illicit drug intravenously. Analysis of the substance injected by two of these patients revealed primarily 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) with trace amounts of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-propionoxy-piperidine (MPPP). On the basis of the striking parkinsonian features observed in our patients, and additional pathological data from one previously reported case, it is proposed that this chemical selectively damages cells in the substantia nigra.


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Proteomic Identification of a Stress Protein, Mortalin/mthsp70/GRP75: Relevance To Parkinson Disease.
J. Jin, C. Hulette, Y. Wang, T. Zhang, C. Pan, R. Wadhwa, and J. Zhang (2006)
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Surgical insights into Parkinson's disease..
E. A C Pereira and T. Z Aziz (2006)
J R Soc Med 99, 238-244
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Mitochondria in Parkinson disease: back in fashion with a little help from genetics..
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Parkinson's disease and primate research: past, present, and future..
E A C Pereira and T Z Aziz (2006)
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Neuroprotection by transgenic expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons of mice..
R. Mejias, J. Villadiego, C. O. Pintado, P. J. Vime, L. Gao, J. J. Toledo-Aral, M. Echevarria, and J. Lopez-Barneo (2006)
J. Neurosci. 26, 4500-4508
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Neuroanatomical Phenotyping in the Mouse: The Dopaminergic System.
C. J. Zeiss (2005)
Vet. Pathol. 42, 753-773
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Paraquat Neurotoxicity is Distinct from that of MPTP and Rotenone.
J. R. Richardson, Y. Quan, T. B. Sherer, J. T. Greenamyre, and G. W. Miller (2005)
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Torsin-Mediated Protection from Cellular Stress in the Dopaminergic Neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans.
S. Cao, C. C. Gelwix, K. A. Caldwell, and G. A. Caldwell (2005)
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Parkinson's disease: the first common neurological disease due to auto-intoxication?.
A.C. Williams, L.S. Cartwright, and D.B. Ramsden (2005)
QJM 98, 215-226
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Dopamine transporter SPECT in patients with mitochondrial disorders.
M Minnerop, C Kornblum, A Y Joe, K Tatsch, W S Kunz, T Klockgether, U Wullner, and M J Reinhardt (2005)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 76, 118-120
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The neurotoxicology of hard foraging and fat-melts.
C. E. Finch (2004)
PNAS 101, 17887-17888
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Distinct Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration Induced by Chronic Complex I Inhibition in Dopaminergic and Non-dopaminergic Cells.
G.-R. Kweon, J. D. Marks, R. Krencik, E. H. Leung, P. T. Schumacker, K. Hyland, and U. J. Kang (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 51783-51792
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A novel formulation of selegiline for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
J. W. Tetrud and W. C. Koller (2004)
Neurology 63, S2-S6
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Dysregulation of Gene Expression in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Lesioned Mouse Substantia Nigra.
R. M. Miller, L. M. Callahan, C. Casaceli, L. Chen, G. L. Kiser, B. Chui, T. M. Kaysser-Kranich, T. J. Sendera, C. Palaniappan, and H. J. Federoff (2004)
J. Neurosci. 24, 7445-7454
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Parkin protects human dopaminergic neuroblastoma cells against dopamine-induced apoptosis.
H. Jiang, Y. Ren, J. Zhao, and J. Feng (2004)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 13, 1745-1754
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Altered dopamine signaling and MPTP resistance in mice lacking the Parkinson's disease-associated GPR37/parkin-associated endothelin-like receptor.
D. Marazziti, E. Golini, S. Mandillo, A. Magrelli, W. Witke, R. Matteoni, and G. P. Tocchini-Valentini (2004)
PNAS 101, 10189-10194
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Induction of gp130-related Cytokines and Activation of JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in Astrocytes Precedes Up-regulation of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in the 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine Model of Neurodegeneration: KEY SIGNALING PATHWAY FOR ASTROGLIOSIS IN VIVO?.
K. Sriram, S. A. Benkovic, M. A. Hebert, D. B. Miller, and J. P. O'Callaghan (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 19936-19947
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Rotenone-Induced Apoptosis Is Mediated By p38 And JNK MAP Kinases In Human Dopaminergic SH-SY5Y Cells.
K. Newhouse, S.-L. Hsuan, S. H. Chang, B. Cai, Y. Wang, and Z. Xia (2004)
Toxicol. Sci. 79, 137-146
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Damage in parkin-deficient Mice.
J. J. Palacino, D. Sagi, M. S. Goldberg, S. Krauss, C. Motz, M. Wacker, J. Klose, and J. Shen (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 18614-18622
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1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced Apoptosis in Cerebellar Granule Neurons Is Mediated by Transferrin Receptor Iron-dependent Depletion of Tetrahydrobiopterin and Neuronal Nitric-oxide Synthase-derived Superoxide.
T. Shang, S. Kotamraju, S. V. Kalivendi, C. J. Hillard, and B. Kalyanaraman (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 19099-19112
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Proteasome Mediates Dopaminergic Neuronal Degeneration, and Its Inhibition Causes {alpha}-Synuclein Inclusions.
H. Sawada, R. Kohno, T. Kihara, Y. Izumi, N. Sakka, M. Ibi, M. Nakanishi, T. Nakamizo, K. Yamakawa, H. Shibasaki, et al. (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 10710-10719
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Regulation of Dopaminergic Loss by Fas in a 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine Model of Parkinson's Disease.
S. Hayley, S. J. Crocker, P. D. Smith, T. Shree, V. Jackson-Lewis, S. Przedborski, M. Mount, R. Slack, H. Anisman, and D. S. Park (2004)
J. Neurosci. 24, 2045-2053
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Monoamine oxidase B inhibition and neuroprotection: Studies on selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonists.
N. Castagnoli Jr., J. P. Petzer, S. Steyn, K. Castagnoli, J.-F. Chen, M. A. Schwarzschild, and C. J. Van der Schyf (2003)
Neurology 61, S62-68
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The MPTP-treated primate as a model of motor complications in PD: Primate model of motor complications.
P. Jenner (2003)
Neurology 61, S4-11
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Neuroprotection in PD--A role for dopamine agonists?.
A.H. V. Schapira (2003)
Neurology 61, S34-42
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Sympathetic Innervation in the 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine Primate Model of Parkinson's Disease.
D. S. Goldstein, S.-T. Li, C. Holmes, and K. Bankiewicz (2003)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 306, 855-860
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The 1.1-A resolution crystal structure of DJ-1, the protein mutated in autosomal recessive early onset Parkinson's disease.
M. A. Wilson, J. L. Collins, Y. Hod, D. Ringe, and G. A. Petsko (2003)
PNAS 100, 9256-9261
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Parkinson's disease: piecing together a genetic jigsaw.
M. C. J. Dekker, V. Bonifati, and C. M. van Duijn (2003)
Brain 126, 1722-1733
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Evidence for neurogenesis in the adult mammalian substantia nigra.
M. Zhao, S. Momma, K. Delfani, M. Carlen, R. M. Cassidy, C. B. Johansson, H. Brismar, O. Shupliakov, J. Frisen, and A. M. Janson (2003)
PNAS 100, 7925-7930
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Impairment of context-adapted movement selection in a primate model of presymptomatic Parkinson's disease.
M. Pessiglione, D. Guehl, Y. Agid, E. C. Hirsch, J. Feger, and L. Tremblay (2003)
Brain 126, 1392-1408
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Parkinsonian Mimetics Induce Aspects of Unfolded Protein Response in Death of Dopaminergic Neurons.
W. A. Holtz and K. L. O'Malley (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 19367-19377
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Evolutionary conservation predicts function of variants of the human organic cation transporter, OCT1.
Y. Shu, M. K. Leabman, B. Feng, L. M. Mangravite, C. C. Huang, D. Stryke, M. Kawamoto, S. J. Johns, J. DeYoung, E. Carlson, et al. (2003)
PNAS 100, 5902-5907
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Parkin Binds to alpha /beta Tubulin and Increases their Ubiquitination and Degradation.
Y. Ren, J. Zhao, and J. Feng (2003)
J. Neurosci. 23, 3316-3324
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Update on Parkinson Disease.
A. Siderowf and M. Stern (2003)
Ann Intern Med 138, 651-658
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Strong association between N-acetyltransferase 2 genotype and PD in Hong Kong Chinese.
D.K.Y. Chan, M.K.P. Lam, R. Wong, W.T. Hung, and D.E.L. Wilcken (2003)
Neurology 60, 1002-1005
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and the Unfolded Protein Response in Cellular Models of Parkinson's Disease.
E. J. Ryu, H. P. Harding, J. M. Angelastro, O. V. Vitolo, D. Ron, and L. A. Greene (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 10690-10698
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Irreversible Inhibition of CYP2D6 by (-)-Chloroephedrine, a Possible Impurity in Methamphetamine.
B. Rege, K. M. Carter, M. A. Sarkar, G. E. Kellogg, and W. H. Soine (2002)
Drug Metab. Dispos. 30, 1337-1343
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Parkinson's disease and anaesthesia.
G. Nicholson, A. C. Pereira, and G. M. Hall (2002)
Br. J. Anaesth. 89, 904-916
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2'-NH2-MPTP [1-Methyl-4-(2'-aminophenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine] Depletes Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Rats: A Comparison with 2'-CH3-MPTP [1-Methyl-4-(2'-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine].
E. L. Unger, P. Mazzola-Pomietto, D. L. Murphy, and A. M. Andrews (2002)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 303, 527-533
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plantation Work and Risk of Parkinson Disease in a Population-Based Longitudinal Study.
H. Petrovitch, G. W. Ross, R. D. Abbott, W. T. Sanderson, D. S. Sharp, C. M. Tanner, K. H. Masaki, P. L. Blanchette, J. S. Popper, D. Foley, et al. (2002)
Arch Neurol 59, 1787-1792
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From the Cover: Resistance of alpha -synuclein null mice to the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPTP.
W. Dauer, N. Kholodilov, M. Vila, A.-C. Trillat, R. Goodchild, K. E. Larsen, R. Staal, K. Tieu, Y. Schmitz, C. A. Yuan, et al. (2002)
PNAS 99, 14524-14529
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Mitochondrial Abnormalities and Oxidative Imbalance in Neurodegenerative Disease.
O. Ogawa, X. Zhu, G. Perry, and M. A. Smith (2002)
Sci. Aging Knowl. Environ. 2002, pe16-16
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Mitochondrial Therapy for Parkinson Disease.
R. N. Rosenberg (2002)
Arch Neurol 59, 1523
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Effects of Coenzyme Q10 in Early Parkinson Disease: Evidence of Slowing of the Functional Decline.
C. W. Shults, D. Oakes, K. Kieburtz, M. F. Beal, R. Haas, S. Plumb, J. L. Juncos, J. Nutt, I. Shoulson, J. Carter, et al. (2002)
Arch Neurol 59, 1541-1550
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An In Vitro Model of Parkinson's Disease: Linking Mitochondrial Impairment to Altered alpha -Synuclein Metabolism and Oxidative Damage.
T. B. Sherer, R. Betarbet, A. K. Stout, S. Lund, M. Baptista, A. V. Panov, M. R. Cookson, and J. T. Greenamyre (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 7006-7015
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Defining neurodegenerative diseases.
A. Williams (2002)
BMJ 324, 1465-1466
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Environment, Mitochondria, and Parkinson's Disease.
T. B. Sherer, R. Betarbet, and J. T. Greenamyre (2002)
Neuroscientist 8, 192-197
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The Globus Pallidus, Deep Brain Stimulation, and Parkinson's Disease.
J. O. Dostrovsky, W. D. Hutchison, and A. M. Lozano (2002)
Neuroscientist 8, 284-290
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Caffeinated clues and the promise of adenosine A2A antagonists in PD.
M. A. Schwarzschild, J.-F. Chen, and A. Ascherio (2002)
Neurology 58, 1154-1160
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Smoking and Parkinson's disease in twins.
C. M. Tanner, S. M. Goldman, D. A. Aston, R. Ottman, J. Ellenberg, R. Mayeux, and J. W. Langston (2002)
Neurology 58, 581-588
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Treatment of early Parkinson's disease.
W. C. Koller (2002)
Neurology 58, S79-86
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Substantia nigra neuromelanin: structure, synthesis, and molecular behaviour.
L Zecca, D Tampellini, M Gerlach, P Riederer, R G Fariello, and D Sulzer (2001)
Mol. Pathol. 54, 414-418
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Parkinsonism and occupational exposure to pesticides.
L S Engel, H Checkoway, M C Keifer, N S Seixas, W T Longstreth Jr, K C Scott, K Hudnell, W K Anger, and R Camicioli (2001)
Occup. Environ. Med. 58, 582-589
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An algorithm (decision tree) for the management of Parkinson's disease (2001):: Treatment.
C. W. Olanow, R. L. Watts, and W. C. Koller (2001)
Neurology 56, S1-S88
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Parkinson's disease, CYP2D6 polymorphism, and age.
H. Payami, N. Lee, S. Zareparsi, M. Gonzales McNeal, R. Camicioli, T.D. Bird, G. Sexton, S. Gancher, J. Kaye, D. Calhoun, et al. (2001)
Neurology 56, 1363-1370
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inducible expression of mutant {{alpha}}-synuclein decreases proteasome activity and increases sensitivity to mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.
Y. Tanaka, S. Engelender, S. Igarashi, R. K. Rao, T. Wanner, R. E. Tanzi, A. Sawa, V. L. Dawson, T. M. Dawson, and C. A. Ross (2001)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 10, 919-926
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The COMT L allele modifies the association between MAOB polymorphism and PD in Taiwanese.
R.M. Wu, C.W. Cheng, K.H. Chen, S.L. Lu, D.E. Shan, Y.F. Ho, and H.D. Chern (2001)
Neurology 56, 375-382
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Memory and executive function in sporadic and familial Parkinson's disease.
K. Dujardin, L. Defebvre, C. Grunberg, E. Becquet, and A. Destee (2001)
Brain 124, 389-398
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effect of Temperature on Dopamine Transporter Function and Intracellular Accumulation of Methamphetamine: Implications for Methamphetamine-Induced Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity.
T. Xie, U. D. McCann, S. Kim, J. Yuan, and G. A. Ricaurte (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 7838-7845
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hydrocarbon exposure and Parkinson's disease.
G. Pezzoli, M. Canesi, A. Antonini, A. Righini, L. Perbellini, M. Barichella, C. B. Mariani, F. Tenconi, S. Tesei, A. Zecchinelli, et al. (2000)
Neurology 55, 667-673
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Variability and validity of polymorphism association studies in Parkinson's disease.
E. K. Tan, M. Khajavi, J. I. Thornby, S. Nagamitsu, J. Jankovic, and T. Ashizawa (2000)
Neurology 55, 533-538
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dopamine-Deficient Mice Are Hypersensitive to Dopamine Receptor Agonists.
D. S. Kim, M. S. Szczypka, and R. D. Palmiter (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 4405-4413
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Metabolism of 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in Perfused Rat Liver: Involvement of Hepatic Aldehyde Oxidase as a Detoxification Enzyme.
S.'i. Yoshihara, K. Harada, and S. Ohta (2000)
Drug Metab. Dispos. 28, 538-543
   Abstract »    Full Text »



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