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Science 10 August 1973:
Vol. 181. no. 4099, pp. 572 - 574
DOI: 10.1126/science.181.4099.572
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Articles

Seasonal Changes in the Learning and Activity Patterns of Goldfish

Victor E. Shashoua 1

1 McLean Hospital Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Chemistry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts 02178

Goldfish exhibit cyclic changes with an annual rhythm in their learning and activity patterns. Maximum learning ability and active behavior occurred during the months of January, February, and March. Poor learning was obtained in the summer months, after the onset of the spawning season. The results indicate that the annual periodic changes of the hormonal levels which govern spawning may also influence learning and activity patterns.


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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)