Capacitor Electrode Stimulates Nerve or Muscle without Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
David L. Guyton 1 and
F. Terry Hambrecht 1
1 Laboratory of Neural Control, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014
Porous tantalum disks, available as "slugs" from the capacitor industry, have large available surface area and a thin insulating coating of tantalum pentoxide. When implanted, they fill with extracellular fluid and operate as capacitor-stimulating electrodes having high capacitance per unit volume. Capable of stimulating excitable tissute without generating electrochemical by-products, these electrodes should provide a safer interface between neural prosthetic devices and human tissue.