Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 15 January 1965:
Vol. 147. no. 3655, pp. 292 - 295
DOI: 10.1126/science.147.3655.292
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

Quartz: Anomalous Weakness of Synthetic Crystals

D. T. Griggs 1 and J. D. Blacic 1

1 Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles

The strength of a synthetic quartz crystal drops rapidly at 400°C, and at 600°C is a hundredfold lower than at 300°C. Large plastic deformations can be produced without fracture. The predominant mechanism of deformation is translation gliding. The preferred explanation for this anomalous weakness is that this synthetic quartz contains water which has hydrolyzed the silicon-oxygen bonds. The silanol groups so formed are presumed to be rendered sufficiently mobile by elevating the temperature to 400°C so that they align themselves in dislocation lines and move through the crystal with the dislocation under the small applied shear stress.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Hydrogen speciation and trace element contents of igneous, hydrothermal and metamorphic quartz from Norway.
A. Muller and M. Koch-Muller (2009)
Mineralogical Magazine 73, 569-583
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Analytical Methods for Measuring Water in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals.
G. R. Rossman (2006)
Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 62, 1-28
   Full Text »    PDF »
The Role of Water in High-Temperature Rock Deformation.
D. L. Kohlstedt (2006)
Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 62, 377-396
   Full Text »    PDF »
Fluids, Faulting, and Flow.
H. W. Green II and H. Jung (2005)
Elements 1, 31-37
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The influence of OH in coesite on the kinetics of the coesite-quartz phase transition.
C. Lathe, M. Koch-Muller, R. Wirth, W. Van Westrenen, H.-J. Mueller, F. Schilling, and J. Lauterjung (2005)
American Mineralogist 90, 36-43
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The high-temperature behavior of defect hydrogen species in quartz: Implications for hydrogen isotope studies.
K. Grant, K. Grant, S. A. Gleeson, and S. Roberts (2003)
American Mineralogist 88, 262-270
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cluster of water molecules in garnet from ultrahigh-pressure eclogite.
W. Su, Z. You, B. Cong, K. Ye, and Z. Zhong (2002)
Geology 30, 611-614
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Lattice defects in lawsonite: a TEM investigation.
F. Camara, J. C. Doukhan, and M. A. Carpenter (2001)
Mineralogical Magazine 65, 33-39
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effects of Water on the {alpha}- Transformation Kinetics in San Carlos Olivine.
T. Kubo, E. Ohtani, T. Kato, T. Shinmei, and K. Fujino (1998)
Science 281, 85-87
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Water in Earth's Mantle: The Role of Nominally Anhydrous Minerals.
D. R. Bell, D. R. BELL, and G. R. ROSSMAN (1992)
Science 255, 1391-1397
   Abstract »    PDF »
Control of fluids on deformation of rocks.
N. L. Carter, A. K. Kronenberg, J. V. Ross, and D. V. Wiltschko (1990)
Geological Society, London, Special Publications 54, 1-13
   Abstract »    PDF »
Quartzite rheology under geological conditions.
M. S. Paterson and F. C. Luan (1990)
Geological Society, London, Special Publications 54, 299-307
   Abstract »    PDF »
The nature, ascent and emplacement of granitic magmas.
W.S. Pitcher (1979)
Journal of the Geological Society 136, 627-662
   Abstract »    PDF »
A strain study of the Strathan Conglomerate, North Sutherland.
J. Mendum and J. R. Mendum (1976)
Scottish Journal of Geology 12, 135-146
   Abstract »    PDF »
California Earthquakes: Why Only Shallow Focus?.
W. F. Brace, W. F. Brace, and J. D. Byerlee (1970)
Science 168, 1573-1575
   Abstract »    PDF »
Quartz: Preferred Orientation in Rocks Produced by Dauphine Twinning.
J. Tullis and J. Tullis (1970)
Science 168, 1342-1344
   Abstract »    PDF »
Earthquake Prediction.
F. Press, F. Press, and W. F. Brace (1966)
Science 152, 1575-1584
   PDF »
Weakening of Dunite by Serpentine Dehydration.
R. E. Riecker, R. E. Riecker, and T. P. Rooney (1966)
Science 152, 196-198
   Abstract »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)