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Science 18 October 1963:
Vol. 142. no. 3590, pp. 411 - 412
DOI: 10.1126/science.142.3590.411
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Articles

Handling of Pregnant Rats: Effects on Emotionality of Their Offspring

Robert Ader 1 and Peter M. Conklin 1

1 Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester 20, New York

Pregnant rats were either unmanipulated or were handled for 10 minutes three times daily throughout pregnancy. Offspring remained with their natural mothers or were crossfostered within and between experimental and control groups. When tested at 45 and 100 days of age, the offspring of handled mothers were found to be generally less emotional than the controls.


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Methodological Analysis in Behavioral Toxicology: an Ethotoxicological Approach.
E. Alleva, J. Rankin, and D. Santucci (1998)
Toxicology and Industrial Health 14, 325-332
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Psychological Stress in Cleft Palate Etiology.
S. Rosenzweig (1966)
Journal of Dental Research 45, 1585-1593
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