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Submitted on May 25, 2007
Accepted on June 6, 2007
Reciprocal Th-17 and Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Mediated by Retinoic Acid
Daniel Mucida 1, Yunji Park 1, Gisen Kim 1, Olga Turovskaya 1, Iain Scott 1, Mitchell Kronenberg 1, Hilde Cheroutre 1
1 La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
The cytokine, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-), convertsnaïve T cells into regulatory T (Treg) cells that preventautoimmunity. However, in the presence of interleukin (IL)-6,TGF- has also been found to promote differentiation of naïveT lymphocytes into pro-inflammatory IL-17 cytokine-producingT helper 17 (Th-17) cells, which promote autoimmunity and inflammation.This raises the question of how TGF- can generate such distinctoutcomes. Here we identified the vitamin A metabolite, retinoicacid (RA), as a key regulator of TGF--dependent immune responses,capable of inhibiting the IL-6-driven induction of pro-inflammatoryTh-17 cells and promoting anti-inflammatory Treg differentiation.These findings indicate that a common metabolite can regulatethe balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immunity.
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EDITORS' CHOICE
Stephen Simpson (17 July 2007) Sci. STKE2007 (395), tw250.
[DOI: 10.1126/stke.3952007tw250] |Abstract »
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