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1 Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan; Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-8520, Japan. 2 Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan; Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-8520, Japan; Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan. 3 Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan; Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-8520, Japan; Human Metabolome Technologies, Inc., Tsuruoka 997-0017, Japan. 4 Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan. 5 Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan. 6 Human Metabolome Technologies, Inc., Tsuruoka 997-0017, Japan. 7 Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan; Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-8520, Japan; Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. 8 Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan; Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-8520, Japan; Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Masaru Tomita , E-mail: mt{at}sfc.keio.ac.jp
Analysis of cellular components at multiple levels of biologicalinformation can provide valuable functional insights. We performedmultiple high-throughput measurements to study the responseof Escherichia coli cells to genetic and environmental perturbations.Analysis of metabolic enzyme gene disruptants revealed unexpectedlysmall changes in messenger RNA and proteins for most disruptants.Overall, metabolite levels were also stable, reflecting thererouting of fluxes in the metabolic network. In contrast, E.coli actively regulated enzyme levels to maintain a stable metabolicstate in response to changes in growth rate. E. coli thus seemsto use complementary strategies that result in a metabolic networkrobust against perturbations.
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