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Published Online April 13, 2006
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1126308

Reports

Submitted on February 16, 2006
Accepted on April 4, 2006

Bruchpilot Promotes Active Zone Assembly, Ca2+-Channel Clustering, and Vesicle Release

Robert J. Kittel 1, Carolin Wichmann 2, Tobias M. Rasse 1, Wernher Fouquet 1, Manuela Schmidt 1, Andreas Schmid 1, Dhananjay A. Wagh 3, Christian Pawlu 4, Robert R. Kellner 5, Katrin I. Willig 5, Stefan W. Hell 5, Erich Buchner 3, Manfred Heckmann 4*, Stephan J. Sigrist 6*

1 European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen, Grisebachstr. 5, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
2 European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen, Grisebachstr. 5, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Institut für Klinische Neurobiologie, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
3 Lehrstuhl für Genetik und Neurobiologie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
4 Institut für Klinische Neurobiologie, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
5 Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of NanoBiophotonics, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
6 European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen, Grisebachstr. 5, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Institut für Klinische Neurobiologie, Rudolf-Virchow-Zentrum, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Manfred Heckmann , E-mail: Heckmann_M{at}klinik.uni-wuerzburg.de
Stephan J. Sigrist , E-mail: ssigris{at}gwdg.de

The molecular organization of presynaptic active zones during calcium influx-triggered neurotransmitter release is the focus of intense investigation. The Drosophila coiled-coil domain protein Bruchpilot (BRP) was observed in donut-shaped structures centered at active zones of neuromuscular synapses using subdiffraction resolution STED (stimulated emission depletion) fluorescence microscopy. At brp mutant active zones, electron-dense projections (T-bars) were entirely lost, Ca2+-channels reduced in density, evoked vesicle release was depressed, and short-term plasticity altered. BRP-like proteins seem to establish proximity between Ca2+-channels and vesicles to allow efficient transmitter release and patterned synaptic plasticity.


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