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Reports
Submitted on November 21, 2005 Pairing and Phase Separation in a Polarized Fermi Gas
1 Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA.
We report the observation of pairing in a gas of atomic fermions with unequal numbers of two components. Beyond a critical polarization, the gas separates into a phase that is consistent with a superfluid paired core surrounded by a shell of normal unpaired fermions. The critical polarization diminishes with decreasing attractive interaction. For near zero polarization, we measure the parameter
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= -0.54 ± 0.05 describing the universal energy of a strongly interacting paired Fermi gas, and find good agreement with recent theory. These results are relevant to predictions of exotic new phases of quark matter and of strongly magnetized superconductors.
Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)
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