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Research Articles
Submitted on November 7, 2005 Fermionic Superfluidity with Imbalanced Spin Populations
1 Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. * To whom correspondence should be addressed.
We establish superfluidity in a two-state mixture of ultracold fermionic atoms with mismatched Fermi surfaces. This study relates to the long-standing debate about the nature of the superfluid state in Fermi systems. Indicators for superfluidity were condensates of fermion pairs, and vortices in rotating clouds. For strong interactions, near a Feshbach resonance, superfluidity was observed for a broad range of population imbalances. We mapped out the superfluid regime as a function of interaction strength and population imbalance, and characterized the quantum phase transition to the normal state, known as the Pauli limit of superfluidity.
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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)
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