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Published Online October 30, 2003
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1091109

Reports

Submitted on September 3, 2003
Accepted on October 15, 2003

Regulation of Flowering Time by Histone Acetylation in Arabidopsis

Yuehui He 1, Scott D. Michaels 1, Richard M. Amasino 1*

1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: amasino{at}biochem.wisc.edu.

The Arabidopsis autonomous floral-promotion pathway promotes flowering independently of the photoperiod and vernalization pathways by repressing FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a MADS-box transcription factor that blocks the transition from vegetative to reproductive development. Here we report that FLOWERING LOCUS D (FLD), one of six genes in the autonomous-pathway, encodes a plant homolog of a protein found in histone deacetylase complexes in mammals. Lesions in FLD result in hyperacetylation of histones in FLC chromatin, up-regulation of FLC expression and extremely delayed flowering. Thus the autonomous pathway regulates flowering in part by histone deacetylation. However, not all autonomous-pathway mutants exhibit FLC hyperacetylation, indicating that multiple means exist by which this "pathway" represses FLC expression.


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