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Published Online May 16, 2002
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1070051

Reports

Submitted on January 22, 2002
Accepted on April 12, 2002

Two-Photon Imaging of Lymphocyte Motility and Antigen Response in Intact Lymph Node

Mark J. Miller 1, Sindy H. Wei 1, Ian Parker 2, Michael D. Cahalan 1*

1 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561 USA.
2 Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4561 USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mcahalan{at}uci.edu.

Lymphocyte motility is vital for trafficking within lymphoid organs and for initiating contact with antigen-presenting cells. Visualization of these processes has previously been limited to in vitro systems. We describe the first use of two-photon laser microscopy to image the dynamic behavior of individual living lymphocytes deep within intact lymph nodes. In their native environment T cells achieved peak velocities >25 µm/min, displaying a motility coefficient 5-6 times greater than that of B cells. Antigenic challenge changed T cell trajectories from random walks to swarms and stable clusters. Real-time two-photon imaging reveals lymphocyte behaviors fundamental to initiation of the immune response.


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