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Science 20 December 1996:
Vol. 274. no. 5295, pp. 2060 - 2063
DOI: 10.1126/science.274.5295.2060
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Reports

Initiation of Plant Disease Resistance by Physical Interaction of AvrPto and Pto Kinase

Xiaoyan Tang, * Reid D. Frederick, * Jianmin Zhou, Dennis A. Halterman, Yulin Jia, Gregory B. Martin dagger

Resistance to bacterial speck disease in tomato occurs when the Pto kinase in the plant responds to expression of the avirulence gene avrPto in the Pseudomonas pathogen. Transient expression of an avrPto transgene in plant cells containing Pto elicited a defense response. In the yeast two-hybrid system, the Pto kinase physically interacted with AvrPto. Alterations of AvrPto or Pto that disrupted the interaction in yeast also abolished disease resistance in plants. The physical interaction of AvrPto and Pto provides an explanation of gene-for-gene specificity in bacterial speck disease resistance.

Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1150
*   These authors contributed equally to this work.

dagger    To whom correspondence should be addressed.


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H. Keller, N. Pamboukdjian, M. Ponchet, A. Poupet, R. Delon, J.-L. Verrier, D. Roby, and P. Ricci (1999)
PLANT CELL 11, 223-236
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Rapid Avr 9- and Cf-9 –Dependent Activation of MAP Kinases in Tobacco Cell Cultures and Leaves: Convergence of Resistance Gene, Elicitor, Wound, and Salicylate Responses.
T. Romeis, P. Piedras, S. Zhang, D. F. Klessig, H. Hirt, and J. D. G. Jones (1999)
PLANT CELL 11, 273-288
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Overexpression of P to Activates Defense Responses and Confers Broad Resistance.
X. Tang, M. Xie, Y. J. Kim, J. Zhou, D. F. Klessig, and G. B. Martin (1999)
PLANT CELL 11, 15-30
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The Arabidopsis thaliana RPM1 disease resistance gene product is a peripheral plasma membrane protein that is degraded coincident with the hypersensitive response.
D. C. Boyes, J. Nam, and J. L. Dangl (1998)
PNAS 95, 15849-15854
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Clusters of Resistance Genes in Plants Evolve by Divergent Selection and a Birth-and-Death Process.
R. W. Michelmore and B. C. Meyers (1998)
Genome Res. 8, 1113-1130
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Three Genes of the Arabidopsis RPP1 Complex Resistance Locus Recognize Distinct Peronospora parasitica Avirulence Determinants.
M. A. Botella, J. E. Parker, L. N. Frost, P. D. Bittner-Eddy, J. L. Beynon, M. J. Daniels, E. B. Holub, and J. D. G. Jones (1998)
PLANT CELL 10, 1847-1860
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The Tomato Cf-5 Disease Resistance Gene and Six Homologs Show Pronounced Allelic Variation in Leucine-Rich Repeat Copy Number.
M. S. Dixon, K. Hatzixanthis, D. A. Jones, K. Harrison, and J. D. G. Jones (1998)
PLANT CELL 10, 1915-1926
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The Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato HrpW Protein Has Domains Similar to Harpins and Pectate Lyases and Can Elicit the Plant Hypersensitive Response and Bind to Pectate.
A. O. Charkowski, J. R. Alfano, G. Preston, J. Yuan, S. Y. He, and A. Collmer (1998)
J. Bacteriol. 180, 5211-5217
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Negative Regulation of hrp Genes in Pseudomonas syringae by HrpV.
G. Preston, W.-L. Deng, H.-C. Huang, and A. Collmer (1998)
J. Bacteriol. 180, 4532-4537
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A Mutation within the Leucine-Rich Repeat Domain of the Arabidopsis Disease Resistance Gene RPS5 Partially Suppresses Multiple Bacterial and Downy Mildew Resistance Genes.
R. F. Warren, A. Henk, P. Mowery, E. Holub, and R. W. Innes (1998)
PLANT CELL 10, 1439-1452
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A cloned Erwinia chrysanthemi Hrp (type III protein secretion) system functions in Escherichia coli to deliver Pseudomonas syringae Avr signals to plant cells and to secrete Avr proteins in culture.
J. H. Ham, D. W. Bauer, D. E. Fouts, and A. Collmer (1998)
PNAS 95, 10206-10211
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genetically engineered broad-spectrum disease resistance in tomato.
G. E. D. Oldroyd and B. J. Staskawicz (1998)
PNAS 95, 10300-10305
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Different requirements for EDS1 and NDR1 by disease resistance genes define at least two R gene-mediated signaling pathways in Arabidopsis.
N. Aarts, M. Metz, E. Holub, B. J. Staskawicz, M. J. Daniels, and J. E. Parker (1998)
PNAS 95, 10306-10311
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D-Subgenome Bias of Xcm Resistance Genes in Tetraploid Gossypium (Cotton) Suggests That Polyploid Formation Has Created Novel Avenues for Evolution.
R. J. Wright, P. M. Thaxton, K. M. El-Zik, and A. H. Paterson (1998)
Genetics 149, 1987-1996
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The Root Knot Nematode Resistance Gene Mi from Tomato Is a Member of the Leucine Zipper, Nucleotide Binding, Leucine-Rich Repeat Family of Plant Genes.
S. B. Milligan, J. Bodeau, J. Yaghoobi, I. Kaloshian, P. Zabel, and V. M. Williamson (1998)
PLANT CELL 10, 1307-1320
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Biochemical Properties of Two Protein Kinases Involved in Disease Resistance Signaling in Tomato.
G. Sessa, M. D'Ascenzo, Y.-T. Loh, and G. B. Martin (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 15860-15865
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Type III Protein Secretion Systems in Bacterial Pathogens of Animals and Plants.
C. J. Hueck (1998)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62, 379-433
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Correlation between Binding Affinity and Necrosis-Inducing Activity of Mutant AVR9 Peptide Elicitors.
M. Kooman-Gersmann, R. Vogelsang, P. Vossen, H. W. van den Hooven, E. Mahé, G. Honée, and P. J.G.M. de Wit (1998)
Plant Physiology 117, 609-618
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Xa21D Encodes a Receptor-like Molecule with a Leucine-Rich Repeat Domain That Determines Race-Specific Recognition and Is Subject to Adaptive Evolution.
G.-L. Wang, D.-L. Ruan, W.-Y. Song, S. Sideris, L. Chen, L.-Y. Pi, S. Zhang, Z. Zhang, C. Fauquet, B. S. Gaut, et al. (1998)
PLANT CELL 10, 765-780
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Erwinia amylovora Secretes DspE, a Pathogenicity Factor and Functional AvrE Homolog, through the Hrp (Type III Secretion) Pathway.
A. J. Bogdanove, D. W. Bauer, and S. V. Beer (1998)
J. Bacteriol. 180, 2244-2247
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Characterization of a 34-kDa soybean binding protein for the syringolide elicitors.
C. Ji, C. Boyd, D. Slaymaker, Y. Okinaka, Y. Takeuchi, S. L. Midland, J. J. Sims, E. Herman, and N. Keen (1998)
PNAS 95, 3306-3311
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Yersinia enterocolitica induces apoptosis in macrophages by a process requiring functional type III secretion and translocation mechanisms and involving YopP, presumably acting as an effector protein.
S. D. Mills, A. Boland, M.-P. Sory, P. van der Smissen, C. Kerbourch, B. B. Finlay, and G. R. Cornelis (1997)
PNAS 94, 12638-12643
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A secreted Salmonella protein with homology to an avirulence determinant of plant pathogenic bacteria.
W.-D. Hardt and J. E. Galan (1997)
PNAS 94, 9887-9892
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Signal perception and transduction in plant defense responses..
Y Yang, J Shah, and D F Klessig (1997)
Genes & Dev. 11, 1621-1639
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Flagellin from an Incompatible Strain of Pseudomonas avenae Induces a Resistance Response in Cultured Rice Cells.
F.-S. Che, Y. Nakajima, N. Tanaka, M. Iwano, T. Yoshida, S. Takayama, I. Kadota, and A. Isogai (2000)
J. Biol. Chem. 275, 32347-32356
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Resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in Arabidopsis thaliana is conferred by the recessive RRS1-R gene, a member of a novel family of resistance genes.
L. Deslandes, J. Olivier, F. Theulieres, J. Hirsch, D. X. Feng, P. Bittner-Eddy, J. Beynon, and Y. Marco (2002)
PNAS 99, 2404-2409
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The gene coding for the Hrp pilus structural protein is required for type III secretion of Hrp and Avr proteins in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato.
W. Wei, A. Plovanich-Jones, W.-L. Deng, Q.-L. Jin, A. Collmer, H.-C. Huang, and S. Y. He (2000)
PNAS 97, 2247-2252
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The Cf-9 Disease Resistance Protein Is Present in an ~420-Kilodalton Heteromultimeric Membrane-Associated Complex at One Molecule per Complex.
S. Rivas, T. Romeis, and J. D. G. Jones (2002)
PLANT CELL 14, 689-702
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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