Vaccinia Virus Uses Macropinocytosis and Apoptotic Mimicry to Enter
Host Cells
Jason Mercer and Ari Helenius
Supporting Online Material
This supplement contains:
Materials and Methods
Figs. S1 to S10
Table S1
References
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Movie S1 to S6
Movie s1
EYFP-MVs (80 particles/cell) were added to
cells expressing GFP-actin. Cells were visualized by wide-field epifluorescence
microscopy. Images were taken at 1Hz for 2.5 min at 37°C. Video is displayed at 25Hz.
Virions that bound to filopodia immediately began to move towards the cell body.
Movement was unidirectional, smooth and uninterrupted.
Movie s2
EYFP-MVs (80 particles/cell) were added to
cells expressing GFP-actin. Cells were visualized by wide-field epifluorescence
microscopy. Images were taken at 1Hz for 2.5 min at 37°C. Video is displayed at 25Hz.
Virions that bound to filopodia immediately began to move towards the cell body.
Movement was unidirectional, smooth and uninterrupted.
Movie s3
EYFP-MVs (80 particles/cell) were added to
cells expressing GFP-actin. Cells were visualized by wide-field epifluorescence
microscopy. Images were taken at 1Hz for 2.5 min at 37°C. Video is displayed at 25Hz.
Virions that bound to filopodia immediately began to move towards the cell body.
Movement was unidirectional, smooth and uninterrupted.
Movie s4
GFP-actin expressing cells and EYFP-MVs as in S1-S3. Video is displayed at 25Hz. As
the virion reaches the cell body a large bleb is extruded at the site of virion contact. As
the virion internalizes the bleb collapses and the formation of an actin patch can be
visualized. Entry coincides with retraction of the cell where a second entering virion
comes into view, displaying the same profile of bleb extension and retraction. (See Fig.
1C).
Movie s5
EYFP-MVs (80 particles/cell) were added to cells expressing ECFP-actin. Cells were
visualized by spinning-disc confocal microscopy. Images were taken at 1Hz for 2.5 min
at 37°C. Video is displayed at 10 Hz. EYFP-MVs (green) HeLa cells expressing CFPactin
(red). See description in Figure S2 and S3.
Movie s6
EYFP-MVs (80 particles/cell) were added to cells expressing ECFP-actin. Cells were
visualized by spinning-disc confocal microscopy. Images were taken at 1Hz for 2.5 min
at 37°C. Video is displayed at 10 Hz. EYFP-MVs (green) HeLa cells expressing CFPactin
(red). See description in Figure S2 and S3.
To view these movies, download a QuickTime viewer.
