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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Identifies Neural Progenitor Cells in the Live Human Brain
Louis N. Manganas,1,3Xueying Zhang,1Yao Li,1Raphael D. Hazel,1,2S. David Smith,2Mark E. Wagshul,1Fritz Henn,2Helene Benveniste,1,2Petar M. Djuri,1Grigori Enikolopov,3*Mirjana Maleti-Savati1,3*
The identification of neural stem and progenitor cells (NPCs)by in vivo brain imaging could have important implications fordiagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes. We describea metabolic biomarker for the detection and quantification ofNPCs in the human brain in vivo. We used proton nuclear magneticresonance spectroscopy to identify and characterize a biomarkerin which NPCs are enriched and demonstrated its use as a referencefor monitoring neurogenesis. To detect low concentrations ofNPCs in vivo, we developed a signal processing method that enabledthe use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the analysisof the NPC biomarker in both the rodent brain and the hippocampusof live humans. Our findings thus open the possibility of investigatingthe role of NPCs and neurogenesis in a wide variety of humanbrain disorders.
1 SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA. 2 Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11719, USA. 3 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: enikolop{at}cshl.edu (G.E.); mmaleticsava{at}notes.cc.sunysb.edu (M.M.-S.).
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