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Science 25 July 2008:
Vol. 321. no. 5888, pp. 566 - 569
DOI: 10.1126/science.1157880
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Reports

A Molecular Determinant for the Establishment of Sister Chromatid Cohesion

Elçin Ünal,1,2* Jill M. Heidinger-Pauli,1,2 Woong Kim,3 Vincent Guacci,1 Itay Onn,1 Steven P. Gygi,3 Douglas E. Koshland1{dagger}

Chromosome segregation, transcriptional regulation, and repair of DNA double-strand breaks require the cohesin protein complex. Cohesin holds the replicated chromosomes (sister chromatids) together to mediate sister chromatid cohesion. The mechanism of how cohesion is established is unknown. We found that in budding yeast, the head domain of the Smc3p subunit of cohesin is acetylated by the Eco1p acetyltransferase at two evolutionarily conserved residues, promoting the chromatin-bound cohesin to tether sister chromatids. Smc3p acetylation is induced in S phase after the chromatin loading of cohesin and is suppressed in G1 and G2/M. Smc3 head acetylation and its cell cycle regulation provide important insights into the biology and mechanism of cohesion establishment.

1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
2 Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
3 Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

* Present address: Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Centre for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: koshland{at}ciwemb.edu

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