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Originally published in Science Express on 15 May 2008
Science 30 May 2008:
Vol. 320. no. 5880, pp. 1185 - 1190
DOI: 10.1126/science.1159151
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Research Articles

Widespread Translational Inhibition by Plant miRNAs and siRNAs

Peter Brodersen,1 Lali Sakvarelidze-Achard,1 Marianne Bruun-Rasmussen,1 Patrice Dunoyer,1 Yoshiharu Y. Yamamoto,2 Leslie Sieburth,3 Olivier Voinnet1*

High complementarity between plant microRNAs (miRNAs) and their messenger RNA targets is thought to cause silencing, prevalently by endonucleolytic cleavage. We have isolated Arabidopsis mutants defective in miRNA action. Their analysis provides evidence that plant miRNA–guided silencing has a widespread translational inhibitory component that is genetically separable from endonucleolytic cleavage. We further show that the same is true of silencing mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) populations. Translational repression is effected in part by the ARGONAUTE proteins AGO1 and AGO10. It also requires the activity of the microtubule-severing enzyme katanin, implicating cytoskeleton dynamics in miRNA action, as recently suggested from animal studies. Also as in animals, the decapping component VARICOSE (VCS)/Ge-1 is required for translational repression by miRNAs, which suggests that the underlying mechanisms in the two kingdoms are related.

1 Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
2 Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya Aichi, 464-8602, Japan.
3 Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT84112, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: olivier.voinnet{at}ibmp-ulp.u-strasbg.fr

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