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Science 27 April 2007:
Vol. 316. no. 5824, pp. 608 - 611
DOI: 10.1126/science.1139253
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Reports

Requirement of bic/microRNA-155 for Normal Immune Function

Antony Rodriguez,1* Elena Vigorito,2* Simon Clare,1 Madhuri V. Warren,1,3 Philippe Couttet,1 Dalya R. Soond,2 Stijn van Dongen,1 Russell J. Grocock,1 Partha P. Das,4 Eric A. Miska,4 David Vetrie,1 Klaus Okkenhaug,2 Anton J. Enright,1 Gordon Dougan,1 Martin Turner,2{dagger} Allan Bradley1{dagger}

MicroRNAs are a class of small RNAs that are increasingly being recognized as important regulators of gene expression. Although hundreds of microRNAs are present in the mammalian genome, genetic studies addressing their physiological roles are at an early stage. We have shown that mice deficient for bic/microRNA-155 are immunodeficient and display increased lung airway remodeling. We demonstrate a requirement of bic/microRNA-155 for the function of B and T lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Transcriptome analysis of bic/microRNA-155–deficient CD4+ T cells identified a wide spectrum of microRNA-155–regulated genes, including cytokines, chemokines, and transcription factors. Our work suggests that bic/microRNA-155 plays a key role in the homeostasis and function of the immune system.

1 The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.
2 Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB2 4AT, UK.
3 Department of Pathology, Addenbroke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK.
4 Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.

* These authors contributed equally to this work

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed: abradley{at}sanger.ac.uk (A.B.); martin.turner{at}bbsrc.ac.uk (M.T.)

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)