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Dual Infection with HIV and Malaria Fuels the Spread of Both Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa
Laith J. Abu-Raddad,1,2*Padmaja Patnaik,3James G. Kublin4,5*
Mounting evidence has revealed pathological interactions betweenHIV and malaria in dually infected patients, but the publichealth implications of the interplay have remained unclear.A transient almost one-log elevation in HIV viral load occursduring febrile malaria episodes; in addition, susceptibilityto malaria is enhanced in HIV-infected patients. A mathematicalmodel applied to a setting in Kenya with an adult populationof roughly 200,000 estimated that, since 1980, the disease interactionmay have been responsible for 8,500 excess HIV infections and980,000 excess malaria episodes. Co-infection might also havefacilitated the geographic expansion of malaria in areas whereHIV prevalence is high. Hence, transient and repeated increasesin HIV viral load resulting from recurrent co-infection withmalaria may be an important factor in promoting the spread ofHIV in sub-Saharan Africa.
1 Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. 2 Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195, USA. 3 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. 4 International Health Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. 5 Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: laith{at}scharp.org (L.J.A.); jkublin{at}fhcrc.org (J.G.K.)
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LETTERS
Katherine T. Andrews, Michelle L. Gatton, Tina S. Skinner-Adams, James S. McCarthy, Donald L. Gardiner;, Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Padmaja Patnaik, and James G. Kublin (30 March 2007) Science315 (5820), 1791a.
[DOI: 10.1126/science.315.5820.1791a] |Full Text »|PDF »
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