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Originally published in Science Express on 9 November 2006
Science 1 December 2006:
Vol. 314. no. 5804, pp. 1458 - 1461
DOI: 10.1126/science.1134389
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Reports

PI(3,4,5)P3 and PI(4,5)P2 Lipids Target Proteins with Polybasic Clusters to the Plasma Membrane

Won Do Heo,1 Takanari Inoue,1 Wei Sun Park,1 Man Lyang Kim,1 Byung Ouk Park,2 Thomas J. Wandless,1 Tobias Meyer1*

Many signaling, cytoskeletal, and transport proteins have to be localized to the plasma membrane (PM) in order to carry out their function. We surveyed PM-targeting mechanisms by imaging the subcellular localization of 125 fluorescent protein–conjugated Ras, Rab, Arf, and Rho proteins. Out of 48 proteins that were PM-localized, 37 contained clusters of positively charged amino acids. To test whether these polybasic clusters bind negatively charged phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] lipids, we developed a chemical phosphatase activation method to deplete PM PI(4,5)P2. Unexpectedly, proteins with polybasic clusters dissociated from the PM only when both PI(4,5)P2 and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3] were depleted, arguing that both lipid second messengers jointly regulate PM targeting.

1 Department of Molecular Pharmacology, 318 Campus Drive, Clark Building, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
2 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) and Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tobias1{at}stanford.edu

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