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Science 27 October 2006:
Vol. 314. no. 5799, pp. 647 - 649
DOI: 10.1126/science.1124128

Reports

From the Genome to the Proteome: Uncovering Peptides in the Apis Brain

Amanda B. Hummon,1 Timothy A. Richmond,1 Peter Verleyen,2 Geert Baggerman,2 Jurgen Huybrechts,2 Michael A. Ewing,1 Evy Vierstraete,2 Sandra L. Rodriguez-Zas,3,4,5* Liliane Schoofs,2* Gene E. Robinson,4,5,6,7* Jonathan V. Sweedler1,4,5,7*

Neuropeptides, critical brain peptides that modulate animal behavior by affecting the activity of almost every neuronal circuit, are inherently difficult to predict directly from a nascent genome sequence because of extensive posttranslational processing. The combination of bioinformatics and proteomics allows unprecedented neuropeptide discovery from an unannotated genome. Within the Apis mellifera genome, we have inferred more than 200 neuropeptides and have confirmed the sequences of 100 peptides. This study lays the groundwork for future molecular studies of Apis neuropeptides with the identification of 36 genes, 33 of which were previously unreported.

1 Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
3 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
4 Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
5 Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
6 Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
2 Laboratory of Developmental Physiology, Genomics and Proteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Louvain B-3000, Belgium.
7 Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed: jsweedle{at}uiuc.edu

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)