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Science 15 September 2006:
Vol. 313. no. 5793, pp. 1626 - 1628
DOI: 10.1126/science.1128115
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Reports

High Gamma Power Is Phase-Locked to Theta Oscillations in Human Neocortex

R. T. Canolty,1* E. Edwards,1,2 S. S. Dalal,3 M. Soltani,1,2 S. S. Nagarajan,3,4 H. E. Kirsch,5 M. S. Berger,6 N. M. Barbaro,5,6 R. T. Knight1,2,3,5,6

We observed robust coupling between the high- and low-frequency bands of ongoing electrical activity in the human brain. In particular, the phase of the low-frequency theta (4 to 8 hertz) rhythm modulates power in the high gamma (80 to 150 hertz) band of the electrocorticogram, with stronger modulation occurring at higher theta amplitudes. Furthermore, different behavioral tasks evoke distinct patterns of theta/high gamma coupling across the cortex. The results indicate that transient coupling between low- and high-frequency brain rhythms coordinates activity in distributed cortical areas, providing a mechanism for effective communication during cognitive processing in humans.

1 Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
2 Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
3 Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
4 Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
5 Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
6 Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rcanolty{at}berkeley.edu

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