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Detection, Stimulation, and Inhibition of Neuronal Signals with High-Density Nanowire Transistor Arrays
Fernando Patolsky,1*Brian P. Timko,1*Guihua Yu,1Ying Fang,1Andrew B. Greytak,1Gengfeng Zheng,1Charles M. Lieber1,2
We report electrical properties of hybrid structures consistingof arrays of nanowire field-effect transistors integrated withthe individual axons and dendrites of live mammalian neurons,where each nanoscale junction can be used for spatially resolved,highly sensitive detection, stimulation, and/or inhibition ofneuronal signal propagation. Arrays of nanowire-neuron junctionsenable simultaneous measurement of the rate, amplitude, andshape of signals propagating along individual axons and dendrites.The configuration of nanowire-axon junctions in arrays, as bothinputs and outputs, makes possible controlled studies of partialto complete inhibition of signal propagation by both local electricaland chemical stimuli. In addition, nanowire-axon junction arrayswere integrated and tested at a level of at least 50 "artificialsynapses" per neuron.
1 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. 2 Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
* These authors contributed equally to this work.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cml{at}cmliris.harvard.edu
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